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chemistry > revision 4 > Flashcards

revision 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Making ethanol from fermentation (making alcoholic drinks) advantages

A

Uses crops and waste plant materials (renewable)

Can be conducted at low cost

Is done at low temperatures (cheap)

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2
Q

Making ethanol from fermentation (making alcoholic drinks) disadvantages

A

The use of crops could affect food supply

Ethalol is produced in batches, not constant

Requires fractional distilation to be ready

Slow, produces co2

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3
Q

Making ethanol from ethene (in steam form) advantages

A

Faster than fermentation

Efficent (no waste products)

Can contimously produce ethanol to make demand

Hydration can produce it in fully automated factory, doesnt need humans

Can produce ethanol which doesnt need further refinment

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4
Q

Making ethanol from ethene (in steam form) disadvantages

A

Uses petroleum (fossil fule, will run out)

Hydration requires high temperatures and pressure which are expensive

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5
Q

Ethanol as a fuel advantages

A

Little co2 used/released

Renewable (uses waste products)

Can be mixed with oetrol whoch would remove fossil fules

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6
Q

Ethanol as a fuel disadvantages

A

Takes up land which could be used for farming

Takes 14-40 days

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7
Q

co2 and co neutral or not

A

co2 is acidic,. co is neutral

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8
Q

lime stone gives off

A

co2 when heated

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9
Q

food preparation uses

A

sulfur dioxide

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10
Q

cu sulfate

A

white when dry, blue com agua

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11
Q

cobalt chloried

A

blue when dry, pink with water

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12
Q

cl br and i colours

A

white, cream and yellow

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13
Q

rf value

A

highest point of substance/ water distance

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14
Q

entaphy change

A

bonds broken - bonds made

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15
Q

long chain hydrocarbons dont

A

make good fuel so are cracked into shorter alkanes and alkenes

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16
Q

cracking

A

with high temperature and catalyst
or high temperature and steam
breaks alkanes into alknees and shorter alkanes which

17
Q

alkenes

A

reactive, used for car fuel, double bond, uv light needed to break the bond, make polymers

18
Q

alkenes formula

A

CnH2n

19
Q

alkane forluma

A

CnH2n+2

20
Q

alekene test

A

put in bromine water and shake, turns colourless from orange/brown

21
Q

energy diagram for exo

A

energy is given out and lost so it is lower

22
Q

H+ ions are

A

acidic

23
Q

group 1

A

mp decreases
density increases

24
Q

group 7

A

produce hadies salts with metals,
density and mp increases
reactivity decreases

25
Q

transition metals

A

react with o2 when heated
react slowly or not with water
form complex ions with other elements

26
Q

electrolysuis is used to

A

split molten ionic compounds with electricity

27
Q

electroeds are made from

A

graphite, stanless steal , platinium

28
Q

cathode

A

is -
for positive cations, metals

29
Q

anode

A

negative anion, non metals

30
Q

aqueous solutions have

A

h+ and oh- ions in

31
Q

electroplating

A

object being plated at cathode
solution of salt of metal to be plated
anode made of 2 strips of metal to be plated

32
Q

extraction of iron

A

The main ore of iron is hematite

Reduced by carbon to form iron,

takes place in a huge blast furnace.

The raw materials needed to do this are hematite, coke (carbon), limestone and air.

2000ºc

33
Q

aluminium extraction

A

with electrolysis
al is dissolved in molten cryolite to decrease temperasture to 850 from 2050

At the cathode Al from bauxite ore,
gain electrons

Molten aluminium forms at the bottom of the cell then is siphoned off then fresh aluminium oxide is added to the cell.

34
Q

galvanising

A

plating with electrolysis of steal or iron with zn to prevent rust from o2 or h20. zn is more reactive so sacrifices itself and is oxidised

35
Q

to stop corrosion

A

store in enert atmosphere
remove o2 or h2o
electroplate
paint
oil
grease
zn

35
Q

carboxylic acid formula

A

(CnH(2n+1)COOH

36
Q

blast furnance chemical equation

A

2fe2o3 + 3c = 3Co2+4Fe

37
Q

al extraction equation

A

2Al2+ O3= 4Al+3o2

chemistry (7 decks)

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