revision 1 Flashcards
alkanes formula (stronger accent, bigger)
CnH2n+2
alkanes: 5
methane
ethane
propane
butane (all gas until here)
pentane (liquid)
alkanes and alkenes go up in:
C1H2
alkanes mp,bp
increase going down
Alkenes formula
CnH2n
alkenes names:
ethene (C2H4)
propene
butene
pentene
carboxylic acids formula
(CnH(2n+1)COOH
carboxylic acids:
methanoic acid
ethanoic acid,
propanoic acid
butanoic acid
Polar molecules
are electronegative atoms, which pull electrons strongly towards them. One is slightly – and one is slightly +. this creates a diatomic molecule, H(+)2O(-) is an example of this.
how to break covalent bonds in halogen/alkane
sun, uv light
ethene (flamable) is fermented fast using
phosphric acid as catalyst or yeast
Ethanol is a universal
solvent since it has polar and nonpolar ends so will dissolve both polar and nonpolar molecules.
the nane for breaking up hydrocarbons into smaller and more useful bits is
cracking
Esters
chemical compounds
formed by bonding alcohol group with carboxylic acids,
losing water molecules.
Poylmers 5
Nylon
Terylene
Polythene
Polystryrene
Polychloroethene