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Biochem Finals > Review Topnotch > Flashcards

Review Topnotch Flashcards

0
Q

Any substance that resists a change in pH when protons are produced or consumed

A

Buffer

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1
Q

Negative logarithim of hydrogen ion concentration

A

pH

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2
Q

Chemical compound that has a total net charge of zero

A

Zwitterion

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3
Q

pH at which the zwitterion is the predominant form of a chemical comfound

A

Isoelectric pH

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4
Q

Property of water that enables it cleave glycosidic bonds and amide bonds

A

Nucleophile

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5
Q

Property of water that enables it to act as an acid or base

A

Amphoteric

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6
Q

Mkvement of water to a semipermeable membrane

A

Osmosis

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7
Q

Uses carriers

A

Facilitated diffudion

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8
Q

Transport down the concentration agent

A

Passive transport

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9
Q

Uses energy in transport

A

Active transport

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10
Q

Transport an ion along with a molecule

A

Co transport

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11
Q

Bond between two amino acids

A

Peptide ond

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12
Q

Bond between connecting 2 monosacharide forming a disacharide

A

Glycosidic bond

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13
Q

Primary bond of glucosyl residues in glycogen

A

A (1-4) glycosidic bond

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14
Q

Branching bond of glucosyl residues in glycogen

A

A (1-6) glycosidic ond

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15
Q

Bond between nucleotides on DNA strand

A

Phosphodiester bond

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16
Q

Bond between nucleotide base pair

A

Hydrogen bond

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17
Q

Bond between ribose and adenine in adenosine triphosphate

A

B-N glycosidic bond

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18
Q

Between a water molecule and onother polar compound

A

Hydrogen bond

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19
Q

Between two cysteine residues in cystine

A

Disulfide bond

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20
Q

Between glycerol and its fatty acids

A

Ester bond

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21
Q

This equation is used to calculate the concentration of a weak acid and its conjugate base

A

Henderson- hasselbach equation

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22
Q

This equation describes how reaction velocity varies with substrate concentration

A

Michaels- menton equation

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23
Q

This is double reciprocal plot used to calculate Km and Vmax

A

Lineweaver burk

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24
Explain how the free energy generated by the transport of electrons by the ETC is used to produce ATP from ADP+Pi
Mitchell chemiosmutic hypothesis
25
Accepts H+ ions
Base
26
Donates proton
Acid
27
Donates few of its proton
Weak acid
28
Donates almost all of its protons
Strong acid
29
Macromolecules of carbohydrates
Glycogen Sorbitol Galactidol
30
Proteins
Collagen Insulin Hemolobin Myoglobin
31
Nucleic acid
``` cAMP Inosine monophosphate OMP cGMP ADP, ATP ```
32
Lipid
Palmitate | Vitamin ADEK
33
State of breaking down complex molecules
Catabolism
34
State of building complex molecules from simpler ones
Anabolism
35
Main currency of enrgy in the body
ATP
36
Loss of electrons
Oxidation
37
Gain of electrons
Reduction
38
Acidic amino acids
Aspartate Asp D | Glutmate Glu E
39
Basic amino acids
Histidine His H Arginine Arg R Lysine Lys K
40
Amino acids with smallest side chain
Glycine Gly G
41
Aminomacid with the largest side chain
Typtophan Trp W
42
Amino acids which causes collagen kinks
Proline Pro P
43
Component of hemoglobin and myoglobin which pays a role in O2 binding
Histidine His H
44
Important amino acid that is involve in SAM
Methionine Met M
45
Used to diagnose FA deficiency
Histidine His H
46
Essential amino acids
PVT TIM HALL ``` Phenylalanine Valine Tryptophan Threonine Isoleucine Methionine Arginine Lysine Leucine ```
47
Aminonacid used in haemolobin synthesis
Glycine Gly G
48
Precursor of niacin
Tryptophan Trp W
49
Precursor of nitric oxide
Arginine Arg R
50
Precursor of melanin
Tyrosine Tyr Y
51
Precursor of serotonin
Trypyophan Trp W
52
Precursor of catecholamines
Tyrosine Tyr Y
53
Precursor of melatonin
Tryptophan
54
Precursor of GABA
Glutamate Glu E
55
Precursor of histamine
Histidine His H
56
Precursor of thyroid hormone
Tyrosine
57
Precursor of tyrosine
Phenylalanine Phe F
58
Precursor of glutathione
Glutamate Glu E
59
Beta pleated sheet
Secondary
60
Globular or fibrous
Tertiary
61
More than one polypeptide is linked together
4th
62
Edmans reagent is used to determine this structure
Primary
63
Domains
Tertiary
64
Hemoglobin most abundant form in adults
Hgb A
65
Used to determine levels of glucose by non enzymatic addition of glucose to haemoglobin
HBA c
66
Oxidation of the heme component of haemoglobin to Iron which cannot bind oxygen
Methemoglobin
67
Form of hemoglobin where CO binds tightly bu reversibly
Carboxyhemoglobin
68
Tetrameter consisting of two alpha and gamma chains
Fetal hemoglobin
69
Gamma- tetramers in the newborns
Hemoglobin barts
70
Basic collagen structure
Gly- X-Y
71
X in Gly
Proline
72
Y in Gly
Hydroxyproline
73
Collagen type
Be so totally cool, read books, fetal ``` Type 1- bone, skin, tendon Type 2 - cartilages Type 3- reticuline Type 4 - basement membrane Type 5 - fetal ```
74
Amount of energy needed for the reaction to go forward
Anergy of activation
75
Increase the speed of the reaction by lowering the energy of activation
Catalyst
76
Protein catalyst
Enzyme
77
Converts one isomers to the other
Isomerase
78
Coverts one epimer to the other
Epimerase
79
Add carboxyl group to a molecule
Carboxylase
80
Catalyze reaction by adding or removing ATP
Kinase
81
Removes H+
Dehydrogenase
82
Enzymes with different AA compositin but catalayzes the same reaction
Isoenzyme
83
Enzyme that requires a cofactor to be active
Holoenzyme
84
Protein part of holoenzyme
Apoenzyme
85
Vitamin or minerals need by an enzyme to be active
Co factor
86
Type of co factor which is permanently complexed with its enzyme
Prothatic group
87
Contains another site different from the active site where an effecor binds
Allosteric enzyme

Biochem Finals (8 decks)

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