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Biochem Finals > Review Topnatch 4 > Flashcards

Review Topnatch 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Succinate thiokinase

A

GTP

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2
Q

A ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

A

NADH, CO2

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3
Q

Malate dehydrogenase

A

NADH

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4
Q

Aonitase

A

Nine

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5
Q

Succinate dehydrogenase

A

FADH2

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6
Q

ETC

Entry point for NADH

A

Complex 1

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7
Q

ETC

Entry point for FADH2

A

Complex 2

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8
Q

ETC

Generation of proton gradient

A

Complex 1,3,4

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9
Q

ETC

ATP production by oxidative phisphorylation

A

Complex 5

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10
Q

Cimplex 1 inhibitor

A

Amytal

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11
Q

Uncoupler

A

Aspirin

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12
Q

Direct inhibiyion ATP synthesis

A

Oligomycin

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13
Q

Omplex 4 inhibitor

A

Carbon monoxide

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14
Q

Omplex 3 inhibitor

A

Dimercaprol

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15
Q

Gluconeogenesis function

A

Generates new glucose molecules

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16
Q

Gluconeogenesis location

A

Cytoplasm 90% liver, 10% kidney

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17
Q

Gluconeogenesis reactants

A

Pyruvates

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18
Q

Gluconeogenesis products

A

Glucose

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19
Q

Gluconeogenesis rate limiting step

A

Fructose 1-6 bisphosphatase

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20
Q

Creates 1-4 linkages and elongates the glycogen chains

A

Glycogen synthesis

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21
Q

Trnasfers 5-8 glucosyl residues and creates1-6 linkages

A

Branching enzyme

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22
Q

Cleaves a 1-4 and a 1-6 bond to produce free glucose

A

Debranching enzyme

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23
Q

Cleaves a1-4 bonds to produce glucose 1P

A

Glycogen phophorylase

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24
Q

Glycogenesis function

A

Generates new glycogen molecules

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25
Q

Glycogenesis location

A

Cytoplasm, liver and muscle

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26
Q

Glycogenesis reactants

A

UDP glucose

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27
Q

Glycogenesis products

A

Glycogen

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28
Q

Glycogenesis rate limiting step

A

Elongation of glycogen formation a 1-4 glyosiic bond via

Glycogen synthase

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29
Q

Glycogenolysis function

A

Breaks down glycogen to form new glucose

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30
Q

Glycogenolysis location

A

Cytoplasm, liver and muscle

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31
Q

Glycogenolysis reactants

A

Glyogen

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32
Q

Glycogenolysis products

A

Glucose 1 phosphate and free glucose

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33
Q

Glycogenolysis rate limiting step

A

Glycogen phophorylase

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34
Q

Glycogenolysis stimulating hormone

A

Glucagon

Epinephrine

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35
Q

Glycogenolysis type of metabolism

A

Catabolic

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36
Q

Glycogenesis type of metabolism

A

Anabolic

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37
Q

Glycogenesis stimulating hormone

A

Insulin

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38
Q

Pentose phosphate pathway function

A

Generates NADH and ribose

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39
Q

Pentose phosphate pathway location

A

Cytoplasm in liver, RBC, lactating mammares, adrenals

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40
Q

Pentose phosphate pathway reactants

A

G6P

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41
Q

Pentose phosphate pathway products

A

NADPH, ribose 5 p

42
Q

Pentose phosphate pathway rate limiting step

A

G6PD

43
Q

Isocitrate to a ketoglutarate

Pyruvate to acetyl Coa

A

NAD

44
Q

FAD

A

Pyruvate to acetyl COA

Succinate to fumarate

45
Q

NADH

A

Pyruvate to lactate

46
Q

NADAPH

A

Acetyl CoA palmiatate

47
Q

Flatulence, cramps, and diarrhea after ingestion of dairy products

A

Lactose intolerance

48
Q

Severe fasting hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly, elevated glycogen in liver

A

Von gierke disease

G6pD deficiency

49
Q

Hepatomegaly, milder form of vongierke disease

A

Cori disease

50
Q

Myoglobinuria with strenous exercise

A

Mc ardle syndrome

Skeletal muscle, glycogen phosphorylase deficiency

51
Q

Leads to hemolytic anemia due topoor RBC defense against oxidizing agents

A

G6PD deficiency

52
Q

Galactosemia, galatosuria, cataract in early childhood

A

Galactokinase def

53
Q

Benign fructosuria

A

Fructokinase deificiency

54
Q

Fructosuria, severemhypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, liver damage, jaundice

A

Fructose intolerance

55
Q

Long chain of carboxylic acid with no double bond

A

Saturated FA

56
Q

Long chain of carboxylic acid with one double bond

A

Unsaturated FA

57
Q

Long chain of carboxyliv acid with two or more double bonds

A

PUFA

58
Q

Fatty acids associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis

A

Trans FA

Saturated FA

59
Q

Essential fatty acids

A

Linoleic acid

60
Q

Immediate precursor of prostaglandins

A

Arachidonic acid

61
Q

End product of fatty acid synthesis

A

Palmitic acid

62
Q

2 primary bile acids

A

Cholic acid

Chenodeoxycolic acid

63
Q

2 molecules conjugated to bile acids to convert them to bile salts

A

Taurine

Glycine

64
Q

2 secondary bile acids

A

Deoxyholic acid

Lithocolic

65
Q

Clinical manifestation of lipid malabsorption

A

Steatorhea

66
Q

Spherical macromoleular complexes composed of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a shell of amphipathic lipoproteins

A

Lipoproteins

67
Q

Protein moeity of lipoproteins

A

Apoproteins

68
Q

Transport dietary triglyceride and cholesterol from intestine to tissues

A

Chylomicrons

69
Q

Transport triglyceride from liver to tissues

A

VLDL

70
Q

Delivers cholesterol into cells

A

LDL

71
Q

Reverse cholesterol transport

A

HDL

72
Q

Shuttles apo C II and apo E in the blood

A

HDL

73
Q

Mediates chylomicron

A

Apo B48

74
Q

Activates lipoprotein lipase

A

Apo C II

75
Q

Mediates uptake of chylomicron remnant

A

Apo E

76
Q

Binds to LDL recptor and mediates VLDL secretion

A

Apo B 100

77
Q

Activates LCAT to produce cholesteryl esters in HDL

A

Apo A1

78
Q

Degradation of TAG stored in adipocytrs

A

Hormone sensitive lipase

79
Q

Degradation of dietary TAG in small intestine

A

Pancreatic lipase

80
Q

Degradation of TAG circulating in chylomicrons and TAGs

A

Lipoprotein lipase

81
Q

Degradation of TAG remaining in LDL

A

Hepatic tag lipase

82
Q

Major component of lung surfactant

A

Dipalmitoylphosphatidyl

83
Q

Only glycerophospholipid that is antigenic

A

Cardiolipin

84
Q

Reservoir fro arachidonic acid in the memebranes and precursor for IP3 and DAG

A

Phosphatidyl inositol

85
Q

Important constituent of myelin

A

Sphingomyelin

86
Q

Fatty acid synthesis function

A

Generates palmitate

87
Q

Fatty acid synthesis location

A

Cyoplasm and mitochondria in lver and lactating mammaries

88
Q

Fatty acid synthesis reactants

A

Acetyl oa, malonyl CoA

89
Q

Fatty acid synthesis products

A

Palmitate

90
Q

Fatty acid synthesis rate limiting step

A

Acetyl OA to malonyl CoA via acetyl CoA carboxylase

91
Q

Beta oxidation function

A

Generates acetyl CoA fom the ends of plmitate

92
Q

Beta oxidation location

A

Mito, all cells except beurons, rbc, testes, renal medulla

93
Q

Beta oxidation reactants

A

Palmitate

94
Q

Beta oxidation poducts

A

Acetyl OA, NADH, FADH2, GTP

95
Q

Beta oxidation rate limiting step

A

Carnitine acyltransferase

96
Q

Beta oxidation type of metabolism

A

Catabolic

97
Q

Beta oxidation hormonal state

A

Decrease insulin, increase glucagon

98
Q

Beta oxidation order of reaction

A

Hot

99
Q

Fatty acid synthesis tpe of metabolism

A

Anabolic

100
Q

Fatty acid synthesis order of reaction

A

CRDR

101
Q

Fatty acid synthesis hormonal state

A

Increase insulin, decrease glucagon

102
Q

TCA mnemonics

A

Can i keep selling sex for money officer?

Biochem Finals (8 decks)

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