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Biochem Finals > Review Topnatch 2 > Flashcards

Review Topnatch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Maximal velocity of an enzyme catalyzed reaction

A

V max

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2
Q

Rate independent of substrate concentration

A

Zero

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3
Q

Rate proportional to substrate concentration

A

First

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4
Q

Emzyme that catalyze the transfer of the amino groups of amino acids to glutamate

A

Amino transferase

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5
Q

Oxidatively deaminates glutamate to liberate free ammonia

A

Glutamate dehydrogenase

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6
Q

Deaminates glutamine to glutamate in the kidneys and intestines

A

Glutaminase

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7
Q

Compounds in which organisms excrete excess nitrogen

A

Ammonia
Uric acid
Urea

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8
Q

Amino acids which carry nitrogen fromperiphery to the liver

A

Glutamate
Glutamine
Alanine

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9
Q

Function of urea cycle

A

Produces urea from free ammonia

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10
Q

Location of urea cycle

A

Mitochondria and cytolpasm. Liver only

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11
Q

Reactnats of ureacycle

A

Ammonia
Aspartate
Carbon dioxide

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12
Q

End productof urea cycle

A

Urea

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13
Q

Rate limiting step of urea

A

Carbomyl phosphate synthase 1

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14
Q

3 compounds are the immediate donors of the atoms of urea

A

Free ammonia
Aspartate
CO2

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15
Q

Heme synthesis location

A

Mitochondria and cytoplasm, all tissues

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16
Q

Heme reactants

A

Glycine

Succynl Coa

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17
Q

End product of Heme

A

e-aminolevulinic acid

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18
Q

Rate limiting step of heme

A

Glycine+succynl CoA -> ALA

via ALA synthase

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19
Q

Enzyme for the conversion of heme to biliverdin

A

Heme oxygenase

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20
Q

Enzyme for the converion of biliverdin to bilirubin

A

Bilverdin reductase

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21
Q

Amino acids degradation and synthesis

Pyruvate
Alpha-ketoglutarate
Oxaloacetate

A

Alanine
Glutamate
Aspartate

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22
Q

Ketogenic amino acids

A

Lysine

Leucine

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23
Q

Glucogenic amino acids

A

Valine

24
Q

Amino acid of ketogenic and glucogenic

A

Tyrosine

25
Q

Pigment derived from porphin chelates with iron, magnesium, zinc, nickel, copper or cobalt

A

Porphyrin

26
Q

Hyaluronic acid, dermatin sulfate, heparin, keratansulfate

A

GAGs

27
Q

Found in extracellular matrix of connective tissues

A

Proteoglycans

28
Q

Component of most connective tissues in the body

A

Collagen

29
Q

Found in the ground substance GAG+ protein Core

A

Proteoglycans

30
Q

Found in connective tissues which has elastic properties

A

Elastin

31
Q

Intermediate filament found in epithelial cells

A

Keratin

32
Q

Defense of the body aainst foreign bodies harmful and nonharmful

A

Immunoglobulins

33
Q

Thick filaments found in the muscles, involved in muscle contraction

A

Myosin

34
Q

Thin filaments found in skeletal muscle.

Could be fibrous or globular

A

Actin

35
Q

Protein folding disorder

A

Prion disease and alzheimers

36
Q

Gluatmate is replaced by valine at position 6 of the B-globin chain. Causing hemoglobin that polymerizes inside the RBC.

A

Sickle-cell disease

37
Q

Synhtesis of alpha chains is decreased or absent

A

Alpha thalasemia

38
Q

Spectrin deficiency causes spherical RBC that are rapidly culled by the spleen

A

Hereditary sphercytosis

39
Q

Blue sclera, multiple fractures, conductive hearing loss

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

40
Q

Berry aneurysms, hyperextensible skin, hypermobile joints, tnedency to bleed.

A

Ehlers-pauls syndrome

41
Q

Loose teeth, sore spongy gums, poor wound healing, petechiae on skin and mucous membranes

A

Scurvy

42
Q

Hereditary nephritis with sensorineural hearing loss

A

Alport syndrome

43
Q

Aortic dilatation, dolichistenimelia, acromegaly

A

Marfan syndrome

44
Q

Panacina emphysema and liver failure

A

a-1 antitrypsin deficiency

45
Q

Hepatolenticular degeneration from accumulation of copper in tissues with low levels of ceruplasmin

A

Wilsons disease

46
Q

Musty body odor, mental retardation, fair skin, eczema

A

Phenylketonurin

47
Q

Urine turns black upon standing, associated with debilating arthralgias

A

Alkaptonuria

48
Q

Decreased pigmentation that increase the risk for skin cancer

A

Albinsim

49
Q

Atherosclerosis, lens subluxation, stroke, MI, osteoporosis, tall stature

A

Homocystinuria

50
Q

Staghorn calculi due to inherited defect of renal tubular amino acid transporter

A

Cystinuria

51
Q

Mental retardation from blocked degradation of branched amino acids

A

Maple syrup urine disease

52
Q

Photosensitivity, chronic inflammation to overt blistering and shearing in exposed areas of the skin due to defects in heme synthesis

A

Porphyrias

53
Q

Protein deprivation that is relatively greater than the reduction in total calories

A

Kwashiorkor

54
Q

Caloric deprivation is relatively greater than the reduction in protein

A

Marasmus

55
Q

Substrate concentration at which the reaction velocity is equal to 1/2 Vmax

A

Michaelis constant

Biochem Finals (8 decks)

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