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RADPATHO > Review Of Surface Anatomy > Flashcards

Review Of Surface Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

imaginary planes or flat surfaces that cut through and section the body in its anatomical position.

A

Body plane

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2
Q

Anatomical position

A

Standing upright/erect
Face and eyes directed forward
Arms extended by the sides
Palms turned forward
Heels together
Toes pointing anteriorly

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3
Q

What are the 4 fundamental planes

A

Coronal
Sagittal
Horizontal
Oblique

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4
Q

What are the 2 special planes

A

Interiliac plane
Occlusal plane

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5
Q

Transects the pelvis at the top of the iliac crest
Level: L4 spinous process
Used in positioning:
Lumbar spine
Sacrum
Coccyx

A

Interiliac plane

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6
Q

Formed by biting surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with jaws closed
Used in positioning:
Odontoid process
Some head projections

A

Occlusal plane

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7
Q

What are the two imaginary perpendicular plane that divides the abdomen into the 4 quadrant

A

Transverse plane
Vertical plane

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8
Q

What are the 4 quadrant

A

RUQ
RLQ
LUQ
LLQ

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9
Q

What are the two transverse plane

A

Trans pyloric plane
Transtubercular plane

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10
Q

At the level of the lower border of L1 (first lumbar vertebra

A

Transpyloric plane

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11
Q

at the level of L5

A

Transtubercular plane

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12
Q

What are the two vertical plane

A

Left and Right lateral plane

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13
Q

The right and left lateral planes are parallel to the midsagittal plane and are located midway between it and each anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS).

A

Left and Right lateral plane

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14
Q

What are the 9 region of the abdomen

A

Right hypochondriac
Epigastric
Left hypochondriac
Right lateral (lumbar)
Umbilical
Left lateral (lumbar)
Right inguinal (iliac)
Pubic (hypogastric)
Left inguinal (iliac

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15
Q

Provide useful, palpable guide points for radiographic positioning.
Variations are seen between patients for different body habitus, but these landmarks represent the anatomic relationships of an average patient.

A

Surface landmark

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16
Q

C1

A

Mastoid tip

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17
Q

C2-c3

A

Angle of mandible

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18
Q

C3-c4

A

Hyoid bone

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19
Q

C5

A

Thyroid cartilage

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20
Q

C7-t1

A

Vertebral prominence

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21
Q

T1

A

Approximately 2 in above jugular notch

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22
Q

T2-t3

A

Jugular nuts

23
Q

T4-t5

A

Sternal angle

24
Q

T7

A

Inferior angle of scapula

25
Q

T9-t10

A

Xiphoid process

26
Q

L2-l3

A

Inferior costal margin

27
Q

L4-L5

A

Iliac crest

28
Q

S1-s2

A

ASIS

29
Q

Coccyx

A

Pubic symphysis and Greater trochanter

30
Q

What are the 4 types of body habitus

A

Hypersthenic
Sthenic
Asthenic
Hyposthenic

31
Q

Body build: Most massive
Chest and abdomen: Very broad and deep from front to back.
Lungs: Short
Diaphragm: High.
Transverse colon: Quite high
Entire large intestine: Extends to the periphery of the abdominal cavity.
Gallbladder: High and almost transverse. It lies well to the right of midline in the upper abdominal cavity.
The stomach: Very high and assumes a transverse position.

A

Hypersthenic

32
Q

The opposite of hypersthenic.
Body build: More slender
Lungs: Narrow
Diaphragm: Low
Large intestine: Pushed down into the low abdominal and pelvic cavities.
Stomach:J-shaped and low in the abdominal cavity, extending from approximately T11 down to L5 or lower.
The gallbladder is near the midline, at the level of the iliac crest, approximately at L3 to L4.

A

Hyposthenic/asthenic

33
Q

Body build: Average
Stomach: J-shaped, located lower within the abdominal cavity than in the hypersthenic body type
Gallbladder:Less transverse and lies midway between the lateral abdominal wall and midline.
Left colic (splenic) flexure of the large intestine: Quite high, resting under the left diaphragm.

A

Sthenic

34
Q

The study of bones

A

Osteology

35
Q

How many bones are in the adult body

A

206

36
Q

The adult human skeleton is divided into _________&___________

A

Appendicular skeleton
Axial skeleton

37
Q

Includes all bones that lie on or near the central axis of the body.
Consists of 80 bones
Includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum

A

Axial skeleton

38
Q

How many bones are in the axial skeleton

A

80

39
Q

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton

A

126

40
Q

What are the 5 types of bones

A

Flat
Long
Short
Irregular
Sesamoid

41
Q

Consist of a body and two ends or extremities.
Are found only in the appendicular skeleton.

A

Long bone

42
Q

Are roughly cuboidal
Found only in the wrists and ankles.

A

Short bones

43
Q

Consist of two plates of compact bone with cancellous bone and marrow between them.
Examples of flat bones are the bones that make up the calvaria (skull cap), sternum, ribs, and scapulae.

A

Flat bones

44
Q

Bones that have peculiar shapes.
Vertebrae, facial bones, bones of the base of the cranium, and bones of the pelvis are examples of irregular bones.

A

Irregular bones

45
Q

Study of joints

A

Arthrology

46
Q

2 classification of joints

A

Structural
Functtional

47
Q

What is under structural joints

A

Cartilaginous
Fibrous
Synovial

48
Q

What is under functional joints

A

Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis

49
Q

What is under fibrous joints

A

Sutures
Gomphoses
Syndesmosis

50
Q

What is under cartilaginous joints

A

Symphysis
Synchondrosis

51
Q

No movement between joints

A

Synarthrosis

52
Q

Slightly movable joints

A

Amphiarthrosis

53
Q

Movable joints

A

Diarthrosis

RADPATHO (5 decks)

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