Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology Exam 4 > Review Of Renal Physiology > Flashcards

Review Of Renal Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Kidney role

A
  • filter large quantities of plasma
  • maintain acid/base balance
  • maintain blood volume
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 processes of blood filtering

A 
Glomerular filtration (ultrafiltration)
Tubular secretion
Tubular reabsorption (selective re-absorption)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does blood enter the kidney

A

Through renal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The diameter of the afferent arteriole is _______ than the diameter of the efferent arteriole, which _____ the pressure of blood inside the glomerulus

A

Greater

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The increased blood pressure in the glomerulus helps force what out of the glomerular capillaries (4)

A

Water
Salts
Glucose
Other molecules <68,000 MW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does filtered substances enter the bowman capsule?

A

Fenestrated membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is glomerular filtration driven by?

A

Cardiac pumping (blood flow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the closest to an ideal endogenous substance for measuring GFR?

A

Creatinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/f creatinine is freely filtered at the glomerulus and not reabsorbed

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Plasma creatinine is almost exclusively a product of the metabolism of what?

A

Creatine and phosphocreatine in skeletal muscles

Meat contributes slightly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CrCl equations

A

Urine creatinine x volume / serum creatinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the basic urine forming unit of the kidneys?

A

Nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What process is where filtered solutes and water ad reabsorbed via nephrons

A

Tubular reabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/f reabsorption is only active transport

A

False

Active and passive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can Na diffuse across the luminal membrane?

A
  • electrochemical gradient
  • exchanges
  • symporters
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In the basolateral membrane, what hydrolyzes ATP and transport of Na and other solutes? What does this create?

A

NaKATPase

Osmotic pressure differential across epithelial cell

17
Q

How does water move into the intercellular space?

A

Osmotic pressure differential

18
Q

As water and solutes accumulate in the intercellular space, ________ increases, providing a driving force for ______

A

Hydrostatic pressure

Bulk water flow

19
Q

_______ carries solute out of intercellular space and into the interstitial space, into peritubular capillaries

A

Bulk water flow

20
Q

Reabsorption of Cl generally follows reabsorption of _____

A

Na

21
Q

How does Cl move in the proximal tubule and thick ascending limb?

A

Para and transcellular

22
Q

Where is most of filtered Ca reabsorbed? And how much?

A

Proximal tubules

70%

23
Q

Where is most of inorganic phosphate (Pi) reabsorbed and how much?

A

Proximal tubules

80%

24
Q

Where is the bulk of Mg reabsorbed and through what transportation?

A

Thick ascending limb

Paracellular pathway driven by lumen positive voltage

25
Q

Proximal tubule is a _____ epithelium

A

Leaky

26
Q

How much water is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule?

A

60%

27
Q

How much sodium bicarb is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule?

A

85%

28
Q

How much NaCl is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule?

A

40%

29
Q

When bulk water flows across a membrane, solute molecules are usually transferred across the membrane by convection. This is called what?

A

Solvent drag

30
Q

Thin descending limb of henle and water permeability

A

Retains high water permeability

31
Q

Thick loop of henle is nearly impermeable to ____

A

Water

32
Q

Salt reabsorption in the thick loop of henle ______ the tubular fluid

A

Dilutes

33
Q

Where does intercellular Ca and Mg reabsorption occur?

A

Thick ascending loop of henle

34
Q

The thick ascending loop makes contact with afferent arteriole by means of _____

A

Macula densa

35
Q

The macula densa senses ____ leaving loop

A

NaCl

36
Q

If NaCl concentration is too high, the macula sends a chemical signal to afferent arteriole causing it to _____. This is known as _____

A

Constrict

Tubuloglomerular feedback

37
Q

Tubuloglomerular feedbacks protects the organism from

A

Salt and volume wasting

38
Q

The distal convoluting tubule is almost impermeable to _____

A

Water

39
Q

Where is a major site for K secretion?

A

Distal convoluting tubule

Pharmacology Exam 4 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions