Review for test 2 (Nervous tissue)

Question 1

Neurons are classified on

Answer 1

Morphology

Function

NT

Question 2

No synapses on cell body of

Answer 2

unipolar

Question 3

Multipolar neuron has

Answer 3

cell body

Axon,

Dendrites

Question 4

Nissle bodies contain

Answer 4

RER and Free ribosome

Question 5

Key neuron functions

Answer 5

Protein synthesis

Axonal transport

Synaptic transmission

Nerve impulse conduction

Question 6

Organelles , Amino acids , nucleotides and NT are associated with

Answer 6

Anterograde

Question 7

Cellular macromolecules, viruses and toxins associated with

Answer 7

Retrograde

Question 8

6 steps of synaptic transmission

Answer 8

1. Depol
2. Cal channels open
3. Exocytosis of synaptic vesicles
4. Release of NT
5. NT reacts with receptors
6. Promotes post synaptic membrane depol
7. Membrane retrieval by coated vesicles

Question 9

Nerve impulse rate depends on

Answer 9

Diameter of axon

Myelin sheath

Question 10

Large diameter

Answer 10

motor and proprioception

Question 11

Medium diameter

Answer 11

fine touch

Question 12

Small diameter

Answer 12

crude touch and pain

Question 13

Small unmyelinated fibers

Answer 13

postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic axons

slow diffuse pain fibers

Question 14

Components of axon “SAMMI”

Answer 14

SER
Axoplasm
Mito
MT
IF

Question 15

Process of myelination

Answer 15

1. Wraps around axon
2. Schwann cell, cytoplasm , and plasma membrane begin to form layers around axon
3. Overlapping inner layers of Schwann cell and plasma membrane form the myelin sheath
4. Schwann cel, cytoplasm and nucleus are pushed to periphery of cell as the myelin sheath is formed

Question 16

Regulation of myelination is dependent on

Answer 16

Neuregulin

A transmembrane protein on the neurolemma of the axons

Question 17

Unmyelinated axons

Answer 17

Neurolemmocyte starts to wrap axons

The unmyelinated axons are enveloped by the neurolemmocyte , but no myelin sheath wraps around each axon

Question 18

Dense irregular CT

Answer 18

epineurium (contains vasa vasorum)

Question 19

specialized CT

Answer 19

perineurium

Question 20

Loose CT

Answer 20

endoneurium

Question 21

Peripheral ganglia house

Answer 21

cell bodies of peripheral nerves outside the CNS

Question 22

Dorsal root ganglia (pseudounipolar) (somatic and visceral afferent)

Answer 22

no synaptic stations

Question 23

Autonomic ganglia (multipolar)

Answer 23

house cell bodies of autonomic neurons .. there are synaptic stations

Question 24

Neurons concentrated at periphery of ganglion

Answer 24

Sensory ganglia

Question 25

Neurons randomly distributed throughout ganglion

Answer 25

Autonomic ganglia

Question 26

Eccentric nucleus

Answer 26

Autonomic ganglia

Question 27

Central nucleus

Answer 27

Sensory ganglia

Question 28

Perikaryon with numerous processes

Answer 28

Autonomic ganglia

Question 29

Meshwork of axonal , dendritic , and glial processes int he gray matter is called

Answer 29

neuropil

Question 30

Nuclei of CNS =

Answer 30

ganglia of PNS

Question 31

Synapses only occur in

Answer 31

GREY matter

Question 32

What do astrocytes do

Answer 32

provide physical and metabolic support for neurons

can also provide a scaffold for migrating neurons during development

Question 33

Astrocytes also can do what

Answer 33

extend foot processes between blood vessels and neurons to help form BBB

Question 34

Microglial cells interact with

Answer 34

astrocytes

Question 35

Ependymal cells

Answer 35

epithelial like lining of the CNS

cuboidal or columnar cells tightly bound to junctional complexes

apical surface contains cilia or microvilli

unlike typical epithelium, these don’t sit on BL

Basal surface have inholdings that interdigitate with astrocyte processes