Review for Final Flashcards
Entry of all or part of the virion into the host cell
Penetration
Removal of the capsid and release of the viral genome
Uncoating
A sequence of bases on a nucleus acid genome that can encode up to 3 proteins with the same sequence by using different reading frames
Overlapping genes
An enzyme that makes a DNA copy of an RNA genome
Reverse transcriptase
Viruses that do not have a membranous envelope surrounding the nucleocapsid
Naked virions
An infection that results in cell death
Cytocidal infection
Clusters of subunits or virions within the nucleus or cytoplasm
Inclusion bodies
Viruses that cause progressive degenerative diseases
Slow viruses
Abnormal new cell growth and reproduction due to a loss of regulation
Neoplasia
Genes whose expression or abnormal expression leads to the development of cancer
Oncogenes
A cancer causing gene introduced into a cell as a result of a viral infection
Viral oncogene
A cancer causing gene that is a normal cellular gene
Cellular oncogene
Small infective proteinaceous particles
Prions
Small infective circular RNA molecules
Viroids
Immunity that develops when a person comes in contact with an antigen during the normal course of activities
Naturally acquired active immunity
Immunity that develops when a person is deliberately exposed to an antigen through a vaccination procedure
Artificially acquired active immunity
Immunity that involves the transfer of antibodies from one host to another
Naturally acquired passive immunity
A preparation of either killed microorganisms, living, weakened microorganisms, or inactivated toxins
Vaccine
Immunity that is mediated by soluble antibody proteins in the blood and that does not require the direct participation of the cells
Humoral immunity
Immunity that involves the direct participation of T cells
Cell mediated immunity
Foreign substances to which lymphocytes respond
Antigens
Areas of a molecule that stimulate production of and combine with specific antibodies
Epitopes
Small organic molecules that are not themselves antigenic but will stimulate an immune response when coupled with a larger carrier molecule
Haptens
Proteins that are produced in response to a foreign substance
Antibodies
The attachment of a virus to the host cell surface
Adsorption
