Review For Final

Question 1

What is the definition of speech

Answer 1

• the exchange of information through speaking or talking

- the neuromuscular act of producing sound that are used in language

Question 2

What is the definition of Language

Answer 2

• the systematic and conventional use of sounds (or signs or written symbols) for the purpose of communication or self-expression

Question 3

What are the four components of language

Answer 3

1. system
2. symbols
3. purpose
4. generativity

Question 4

What is the definition of communication

Answer 4

• broad term including linguistic and non linguistic communication
• requires sender and receiver
• shared intent to communicate
• shared means of communication

Question 5

Children who have difficulty following directions and understanding stories may need to be assessed for what

Answer 5

• receptive language skills

comprehension

Question 6

Children who have difficulty saying words in the correct order and is not producing grammar appropriate for his age, may need to be assessed for what

Answer 6

• expressive language skills

- production of language

Question 7

children who use Incorrect phonemes and whose speech is difficult for others to understand, may need to be assessed for

Answer 7

• articulation skills (speech)

Question 8

children who are Not turn-taking in conversation and has difficulty staying on topic, may need to be assessed for

Answer 8

• social language or pragmatic skills

Question 9

What makes language unique to humans

Answer 9

• generativity
• grammar (system)
• human vocal tract (speech)
• lower larynx positioning (speech)

Question 10

Human brain capacity for language

Answer 10

• left hemisphere specialization for language
• brocas areas: language production (stroke impact)
• wernicke’s area: language comprehension ( stroke impact)
• executive function, memory, attention, neuroplasticity

Question 11

Language and nature

Answer 11

• innate capacity
• human brain is unique
• grammar

Question 12

language and nurture

Answer 12

• social interaction

- serve and return

Question 13

Critical period

Answer 13

• child must be exposed to language before 13
• wild children
• severe isolation
• genie

Question 14

Language creation

Answer 14

• humans have a language making capacity

- nicaraguan sign language

Question 15

what is a pidgin

Answer 15

• simple communication system created when no language is common

Question 16

what is a creole

Answer 16

a pidgin will become a creole

• linguistically complex
• full language

Question 17

Recommendations for screen time and children

Answer 17

• none before 2

Question 18

What isnt screen time ideal for language development

Answer 18

• lack of serve and return

- screens take away from quality interactions with real people

Question 19

What are some positive aspects of screens

Answer 19

• educational shows

- exercise

Question 20

What are the 5 elements of language

Answer 20

1. phonolgoy (sound system)
2. morphology ( combining smallest units of language into words, grammar)
3. Syntax (word order)
4. Semantics/ lexicon (vocabulary)
5. Pragmatics (social )

Question 21

What are phonemes

Answer 21

• speech sounds that signal a meaningful difference (use brackets /b/)

Question 22

what is phonetics

Answer 22

• the study of speech sounds

Question 23

what is the international phonetic alphabet

Answer 23

• internationally recognized set of phonetic symbols
• cant rely on letters alone
• helps pronounce names
• helps learn new languages

Question 24

When do kids learn their first word

Answer 24

• 1 year

Question 25

When do kids start combining words

Answer 25

• 2 years

Question 26

when do kids use utterances

Answer 26

3 years

Question 27

when do word spurts happen

Answer 27

• 1 1/2

- around 50 word mark