Review Exam 3

Question 1

Ref range of CSF glucose is

Answer 1

40-70 mg/dL

Question 2

One of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus

Answer 2

Diabetic Nephropathy

Question 3

Can be used to diagnose/monitor diabetic Nephropathy b4 renal damage

Answer 3

Microalbumin

Question 4

Microalbumin is positive before overt proteinuria 30-300 mg of albumin

Answer 4

24hrs or 30-300 micrograms of albumin/mg creatinine on two of three urine collections

Question 5

Estimates glomerular filtration rate from the serum creatinine lvl in patients w chronic renal disease and risking of chronic kidney disease

Answer 5

eGFR

Question 6

If eGFR is less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2

Answer 6

An impaired renal function would be detected

Question 7

Most non protein found in the body are

Answer 7

Bun(blood urea nitrogen 45%, amino acids 20%, Uric acid 20%

Question 8

Renal function test

Answer 8

BUN & creatinine

Electrolytes

Question 9

Renal threshold is

Active transport

Answer 9

The concentration above the substance cannot be totally reabsorbed and is excreted in the urine

Question 10

Always reabsorbed through passive transport

Answer 10

Water and urine

Question 11

2 things that elevate the Blood Uria Nitrogen

Answer 11

Dehydration and urinary statsis (kidney stones)

Question 12

Azotemia is

Answer 12

Increased blood urea and other NPN compounds

Question 13

Uremia is

Answer 13

Accumulation in the blood of constituents normally eliminated in the urine that produces a severe toxic conditions

Question 14

3 levels of azotemia

Answer 14

Prerenal, renal, postrenal

Question 15

Ref points for bun:creatinine ratio

Answer 15

20:1 pre renal increased, dehydration
12:1-20:1 post renal normal
Severe infections
12:1. Intra renal
Renal damage

Question 16

Ref range for BUN

Answer 16

7-18 mg/dL

Question 17

Creatine is synthesized in the liver from 3 amino acids

Answer 17

Arginine, glycine, and methionine

Question 18

Creatinine is a

Answer 18

Waste product derived from creatine and creatine phosphate. During muscle contraction

Question 19

Three main levels of creatinine levels

Answer 19

Relative muscle mass, creatine turnover, renal function

Question 20

Cr is primarily an index of renal function and

Answer 20

Measures the glomerular filtration rate GFR

Question 21

Jaffe Reaction

Answer 21

Reaction between creatinine and picric acid in an alkaline medium yielding a red orange compound

Question 22

Major product of purine catabolism in

Answer 22

Man and higher primates

Question 23

Glomerular disease

Answer 23

Associated primarily w damage to the glomeruli of the renal nephron

Question 24

Acute glomerulonephritis AGN is

Answer 24

Rapid onset of symptoms that indicate damage to the glomeruli

Question 25

AGN is associated with

Answer 25

Children after Group A Step

Auto immune disease

Question 26

Chronic Glomerulonephritis CGN is

Answer 26

Associated w the end stage of persistent glomerular damage

Question 27

Pyelonephritis is an

Answer 27

Inflammatory process involving a bacterial infection of the renal tubules by gram-neg bacteria. E coli, klebsiella, proteus

Question 28

Cystitis

Answer 28

A bladder infection characterized by dysuria

Question 29

Renal Calculi majority percentage

Answer 29

67% calcium oxalate w or wo phosphate

Question 30

Gastrointestinal tract disorders

Answer 30

Lactose deficiency, bile salt malabsorption, protein losing enteropathy, crohns disease, bacterial overgrowth

Question 31

Ref interval for fasting specimens

Answer 31

Specimen should be collected after fasting of 8-16hr, but no more