Exam 4 Flashcards
Major transporter of cholesterol in plasma to peripheral tissues like a structural components of cell membrane
LDL (away from the liver)
Major structural protein of Apo B
Endogenous pathway
Smallest and most dense lipoprotein secreted from the liver
HDL(high dense lipoprotein)
Very low proteins (vldl) originates in the
Liver from chylomicron remnants and endogenous triglycerides
Contain one dbl bond
Monounsaturated fatty acids
More than one dbl bond
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Contain one or more double bonds. Becomes liquid at room temp
Unsaturated fatty acids
Contain an alkyl chain without a dbl bond between C atoms. Solid at room temp
Saturated fatty acids
Four pathways of lipoprotein metabolism
Lipid absorption(ileum of small intestine), exogenous, endogenous, reverse cholesterol
Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
Lipids
Produced by the liver
Cholesterol
Functions of proteins
Cell membrane structure, hormone makeup/precursors
Exogenous cholesterol
Absorbed in diet, bile, intestinal secretions and cells
Endogenous cholesterol
Produced by the liver and made from acetate(simple molecule)
Esterification of fatty acids
Cholesterol esters
Lipoproteins are classified into 5 categories
Chylomicron, very-low-density lipoproteins(VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein(IDL/ LDL1), Low density lipoprotein (LDL) High density lipoproteins (HDL)
Transported by complex micocellar structures, lipoprotein
Lipids
Apo B 100 increase =
Increased risk for cardiovascular disease
Exogenous fat, triglycerides from the intestines to the liver/ close cells
Chylomicron
Dietary/exogenous triglycerides from the intestines. Store/use energy. Make plasma/serum look milky
Chylomicron
Major structural protein is
Apo B
Away from the liver
LDL lipoprotein
To the liver
HDL lipoprotein also called the good protein
Originated in the liver from chylomicron remnants/endogenous triglycerides
VLDL very low density lipoprotein
Major transporter of cholesterol in plasma to nearby tissue for cell membrane structure
LDL
Most ordered screening test for hyperlipidemia
Total cholesterol
Caused by lipids, in form of esterified cholesterol, deposited in artery wall, resulting in fatty streaks
Arteriosclerosis
What % of t cholest in plasma is carried by LDL
70-75%
What % of t cholest is carried by HDL
15-20%
What % is t cholest carried by VLDL and chylomicron
5-10%
Desirable range for cholesterol
Desirable range for HDL-C
> 60mg/dl
Friedewald formula
LDL=T. Cholesterol-HDL-VLDL
Not valid if triglycerides level is over 400mg/dl
Risk factors for metabolic syndrome
Atherogenic dyslipidemia, increased waist size, elavated blood glucose, elavated blood pressure, low HDL, high LDL
