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review deck Flashcards

1
Q

paromomycin and iodoquinol

A

luminal agents, used to eliminate cysts in E. histolytic

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2
Q

describe cryptosporidium cyst

A

each cyst has 4 motile sporozoites

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3
Q

only parasite that is partially acid fast

A

cryptosporidium

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4
Q

when to use toxoplasma prophylaxis in HIV

A

+IgG and CD4 below 100

bactrim

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5
Q

tryapanosoma gambiense symtpoms

A

coma, LAD, recurrent fever

occipital LAD= winter bottom sign

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6
Q

appearance of babes blood smear

A

maltese cross in RBC

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7
Q

mode of entry for T. cruzi

A

kissing bug deposits feces on skin containing parasite, enters blood with scratching of bite site

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8
Q

vector for malaria

A

anopheles mosquito

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9
Q

malaria life cycle

A 
sporozoites
trophozoites
schizont
merozoites
gametocytes
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10
Q

vector for leishmania

A

sandfly

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11
Q

appearance of leishmania smear

A

amastigotes inside macrophages

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12
Q

treatment for L. braziliensis

A

stibogluconate

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13
Q

treatment for L. donovani

A

amphotericin B

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14
Q

mode of transmission for ascaris lumbricoides

A

consumption of food/water contaminated with ova

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15
Q

vector for onchocerca volvulus

A

black fly

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16
Q

species with microfilariae (3)

A

onchocerca, wuchereia, loa loa

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17
Q

vector for wuchereria

A

mosquito

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18
Q

transmission of toxocara

A

contact with infected dog/cat feces

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19
Q

vector for loa loa

A

deer flies

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20
Q

2 parasites in ddx for liver abscess

A

E histolytica

Echinococcus

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21
Q

hosts for echinococcus

A

definitive- dog

intermediate- sheep

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22
Q

transmission of clonorchis

A

undercooked fish

23
Q

shape of echinococcus

A

4 segments

24
Q

2 structural features of D. datum

A

rosette uterus, genital pore

25
Q

unique to fungal cell membrane

A

ergosterol

26
Q

unique to fungal cell wall

A

chitin and glucan

27
Q

define pseudohyphae

A

apical, sausage-like, elongated yeast forms separated by constrictions

28
Q

sexual fungial form

asexual fungal form

A

teleomorph

anamorph

29
Q

thermally dimorphic fungi

A

P2HCBS

30
Q

mucicarmine stain

A

detects polysaccharide capsule of cryptococcus

31
Q

MOA of triazoles

A

inhibit 14a-demethylase = inhibits ergosterol synthesis

32
Q

MOA of griseofulvin

A

inhibits MT assembly

33
Q

MOA of terbinafine

A

inhibits squalene epoxidase = inhibits ergosterol synthesis

34
Q

MOA of echinocandins

A

inhibits 1,3-b-D- glucan synthesis

35
Q

MOA of amphotericin B

A

binds to ergosterol to create pores in membrane

36
Q

MOA of flucytosine

A

replaces uracil, inhibits DNA synthesis

37
Q

cause of amphotericin toxicity

A

binds to cholesterol instead of ergosterol

38
Q

splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon

A

asteroid bodies in granulomas associated with sporothrix, formed by eosinophilic material that radiates around yeast

39
Q

symptoms of histoplasmosis in immunocompromised hosts

A

pulmonary symptoms

hepatosplenomegaly (targets RES)

40
Q

endemic mycosis that causes fibrosing mediastinitis

A

histoplasma, due to overly exuberant immune response

41
Q

appearance of histoplasma microconidia

A

“tuberculate”

42
Q

blasto mold morphology

A

lollipop

43
Q

appearance of blasto on CXR

A

hazy infiltrate

44
Q

preferred treatment for blast in immunocompetent patients

A

itraconazole

45
Q

dimorphism of cocci

A

mold- barrel shaped anthroconidia

“yeast”- spherule filled with endospores that are larger than RBC

46
Q

extrapulmonary manifestations of cocci in immunocompetent patients

A

erythema nodosum and erythema multiforme, due to robust immune response/immune complexes

47
Q

transmission of paracocci

A

respiratory droplets

48
Q

describe pulmonary infiltrate in aspergillus

A

migratory

49
Q

ABPA is an example of-

A

type I HST reaction

50
Q

radiographic signs assoc with aspergillus

A

halo and crescent

51
Q

2 catalase + fungi

A

candida

aspergillus

52
Q

anti-phagocytic property of cryptococcus

A

polysaccharide antigen

53
Q

type of pneumonia caused by PJP

A

diffuse, interstitial

micro (5 decks)

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