review deck

Question 1

paromomycin and iodoquinol

Answer 1

luminal agents, used to eliminate cysts in E. histolytic

Question 2

describe cryptosporidium cyst

Answer 2

each cyst has 4 motile sporozoites

Question 3

only parasite that is partially acid fast

Answer 3

cryptosporidium

Question 4

when to use toxoplasma prophylaxis in HIV

Answer 4

+IgG and CD4 below 100

bactrim

Question 5

tryapanosoma gambiense symtpoms

Answer 5

coma, LAD, recurrent fever

occipital LAD= winter bottom sign

Question 6

appearance of babes blood smear

Answer 6

maltese cross in RBC

Question 7

mode of entry for T. cruzi

Answer 7

kissing bug deposits feces on skin containing parasite, enters blood with scratching of bite site

Question 8

vector for malaria

Answer 8

anopheles mosquito

Question 9

malaria life cycle

Answer 9

sporozoites
trophozoites
schizont
merozoites
gametocytes

Question 10

vector for leishmania

Answer 10

sandfly

Question 11

appearance of leishmania smear

Answer 11

amastigotes inside macrophages

Question 12

treatment for L. braziliensis

Answer 12

stibogluconate

Question 13

treatment for L. donovani

Answer 13

amphotericin B

Question 14

mode of transmission for ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 14

consumption of food/water contaminated with ova

Question 15

vector for onchocerca volvulus

Answer 15

black fly

Question 16

species with microfilariae (3)

Answer 16

onchocerca, wuchereia, loa loa

Question 17

vector for wuchereria

Answer 17

mosquito

Question 18

transmission of toxocara

Answer 18

contact with infected dog/cat feces

Question 19

vector for loa loa

Answer 19

deer flies

Question 20

2 parasites in ddx for liver abscess

Answer 20

E histolytica

Echinococcus

Question 21

hosts for echinococcus

Answer 21

definitive- dog

intermediate- sheep

Question 22

transmission of clonorchis

Answer 22

undercooked fish

Question 23

shape of echinococcus

Answer 23

4 segments

Question 24

2 structural features of D. datum

Answer 24

rosette uterus, genital pore

Question 25

unique to fungal cell membrane

Answer 25

ergosterol

Question 26

unique to fungal cell wall

Answer 26

chitin and glucan

Question 27

define pseudohyphae

Answer 27

apical, sausage-like, elongated yeast forms separated by constrictions

Question 28

sexual fungial form | asexual fungal form

Answer 28

teleomorph | anamorph

Question 29

thermally dimorphic fungi

Answer 29

P2HCBS

Question 30

mucicarmine stain

Answer 30

detects polysaccharide capsule of cryptococcus

Question 31

MOA of triazoles

Answer 31

inhibit 14a-demethylase = inhibits ergosterol synthesis

Question 32

MOA of griseofulvin

Answer 32

inhibits MT assembly

Question 33

MOA of terbinafine

Answer 33

inhibits squalene epoxidase = inhibits ergosterol synthesis

Question 34

MOA of echinocandins

Answer 34

inhibits 1,3-b-D- glucan synthesis

Question 35

MOA of amphotericin B

Answer 35

binds to ergosterol to create pores in membrane

Question 36

MOA of flucytosine

Answer 36

replaces uracil, inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 37

cause of amphotericin toxicity

Answer 37

binds to cholesterol instead of ergosterol

Question 38

splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon

Answer 38

asteroid bodies in granulomas associated with sporothrix, formed by eosinophilic material that radiates around yeast

Question 39

symptoms of histoplasmosis in immunocompromised hosts

Answer 39

pulmonary symptoms | hepatosplenomegaly (targets RES)

Question 40

endemic mycosis that causes fibrosing mediastinitis

Answer 40

histoplasma, due to overly exuberant immune response

Question 41

appearance of histoplasma microconidia

Answer 41

"tuberculate"

Question 42

blasto mold morphology

Answer 42

lollipop

Question 43

appearance of blasto on CXR

Answer 43

hazy infiltrate

Question 44

preferred treatment for blast in immunocompetent patients

Answer 44

itraconazole

Question 45

dimorphism of cocci

Answer 45

mold- barrel shaped anthroconidia | "yeast"- spherule filled with endospores that are larger than RBC

Question 46

extrapulmonary manifestations of cocci in immunocompetent patients

Answer 46

erythema nodosum and erythema multiforme, due to robust immune response/immune complexes

Question 47

transmission of paracocci

Answer 47

respiratory droplets

Question 48

describe pulmonary infiltrate in aspergillus

Answer 48

migratory

Question 49

ABPA is an example of-

Answer 49

type I HST reaction

Question 50

radiographic signs assoc with aspergillus

Answer 50

halo and crescent

Question 51

2 catalase + fungi

Answer 51

candida | aspergillus

Question 52

anti-phagocytic property of cryptococcus

Answer 52

polysaccharide antigen

Question 53

type of pneumonia caused by PJP

Answer 53

diffuse, interstitial