emerging diseases

Question 1

emerging infections are most likely what type of microbe? why?

Answer 1

RNA virus; due to high mutation rate related to lack of proofreading

Question 2

what animal in implicated in many emerging infections?

Answer 2

bats

Question 3

strain of ebola with highest associated mortality

Answer 3

Zaire

Question 4

proposed ebola reservoirs

Answer 4

bats

Question 5

strain of ebola only in non-human primates

Answer 5

reston

Question 6

ebola transmission to humans from primates-

Answer 6

infected bush meat

Question 7

ebola transmission from humans to humans

Answer 7

contact with body fluids (including sweat, breast milk, sperm)

Question 8

people with ebola are infectious once they develop-

Answer 8

fever

Question 9

long term sequelae of ebola (2)

Answer 9

joint pain

blindness

Question 10

human-human transmission is considered to have been stopped if there are no new cases in what period of time?

Answer 10

2 incubation periods (for ebola= 42 days)

Question 11

3 medical treatments for ebola

Answer 11

zmapp (mab)
serum from recovered puts (antibodies)
brincidofovir

Question 12

how are people returning to the country from endemic areas monitored for the development of ebola?

Answer 12

quarantine and checking of temp for fever BID x 21 days

Question 13

2 animals implicated in MERS

Answer 13

camels and bats

Question 14

MERS symptoms

Answer 14

severe respiratory symptoms

Question 15

people effected worst by MERS

Answer 15

those with pre-existing chronic medical conditions

Question 16

how can you test for MERS?

Answer 16

PCR of blood or stool

Question 17

care for pt with MERS

Answer 17

supportive care, airborne precautions

Question 18

leading cause of acute febrile illness in US travelers returning from Caribbean, south america and asia

Answer 18

Dengue fever

Question 19

vector for dengue fever (2)

Answer 19

classic- Aedes egyptei

in US- Aedes albopictus (tiger mosquito)

Question 20

symptoms of chikungunya

Answer 20

similar to dengue fever, but not as severe and no hemorrhagic fever (arthritis, fever, myalgia, rash, conjunctivitis)

Question 21

virus that had outbreak in the US last year, affecting children with respiratory disease the most

Answer 21

enterovirus D68

Question 22

viral hemorrhagic fevers are typically all-

Answer 22

RNA viruses

Question 23

natural host/diseases associated with arenavirus

Answer 23

natural hosts- rats, mice

LCMV, Lassa virus, Lujo virus

Question 24

natural host/diseases associated with bunyavirus

Answer 24

natural hosts- arthropods, rats

Crimean-Congo fever, Rift valley fever, Hantavirus

Question 25

diseases associated with paramyxoviridae

Answer 25

nipah and hendra viruses

Question 26

natural host/diseases associated with filoviridae

Answer 26

hosts- bats | ebola, dengue