Review Chapter 9-11 Flashcards
What is stochastic?
effects that occur months or years after high-level, possibly also low- level radiation exposure
What is the most important of the stochastic types of reactions?
Cancer
What are measurable late biologic damage?
-Cataracts
-Leukemia
-Genetic mutations
What is carcinogenesis?
effect is random occurrence that does not seem to have a threshold and for which the severity of the disease is not dose-related
What response are general x-rays considered to have?
linear, non-threshold
What is a threshold?
a point at which a response or reaction to an in creasing stimulation first occurs
What is nonthreshold?
indicates that a radiation absorbed dose of any magnitude has the capability of producing a biologic effect
What is linear?
biological response is directly proportional to radiation dose
What is nonlinear?
biological response is not proportional to radiation dose
What is lineal nonthreshold?
curve of radiation dose-response for most types of cancer
What kinds of acute reactions from significant radiation exposure may be demonstrated graphically through the use of a linear threshold dose-related curve?
skin erythema and hematologic depression
Biologic response does not occur ________ a specific dose level.
below
What radiation dose-response relationship is generally employed in radiation therapy?
Nonlinear threshold
What are the somatic effects subdivisions?
-Stochastic effects
-Tissue Reactions
What are stochastic effects?
The probability that the effect happens depends upon the received dose, but the severity of the effect does not
