review activity Flashcards
what spectrum demonstrates characteristic photons? Brems?
characteristics: discrete
Brems: continuous
what are the two types of emission energies? (broad)
discrete and continuous
_______ determines which x-ray spectrum (characteristic or brems) based on it’s x-ray energy
kVp
__________ changes the amplitude of an x-ray spectrum
mAs
what does mAs control inside the x-ray tube?
tube current; the number of electrons boiled off the filament (controls QUANTITY)
what is the charge of the cathode side of the x-ray tube?
negative
filament and the focusing cup are what?
two parts of the cathode
why do electrons move between the cathode and the anode?
anode has a positive charge and the cathode is a negative (a potential difference exists)
in which tissue interaction is an outer-shell electron ejected and the atom is ionized?
Compton scattering
true/false: is compton scattering considered radiation?
true
what is wave-particle duality?
on the electromagnetic spectrum, photons exhibit wave characteristics when they are lower on the EM spectrum. Photons exhibit particle characteristics on the higher end of the EM spectrum
x-rays move in a sine wave configuration and interacts with matter
what is attenuation?
the reduction of intensity or number of photons in the primary x-ray beam
photons in the primary beam that are parallel or almost completely parallel to the anode get reabsorbed by the anode
anode heel effect
in regards to x-ray tube, why do we use the metal of choice?
tungsten for high melting point
the projectile electron is slowed down, breaks, changes, their course and release an x-ray photon is _______
Bremsstrahlung x-ray photon interaction
the projectile electron collides with and removes a k-shell electron of the target atom. an outer shell electron then fills the spot and the x-ray is produced
characteristic radiation
true/false: in a tungsten target, only k-characteristics are useful for imaging (as it relates to characteristic interactions)
true
true/false: the tube housing serves as a thermal cushion to help protect the x-ray tube from heat damage
true
in regards to the radiations found on the EM spectrum, I have low frequency, low energy, and a long wavelength, what am I?
non-ionizing radiation
true/false: as frequency increases, energy also increases
true: frequency and energy have a direct relationship
are both kVp and mAs considered to be the primary factors that determine the quantity of photons?
yes
to provide a vacuum and insulation against electric shock is _________
the function of the glass envelope
an x-ray photon interacts with an inner shell electron of a tissue atom, and the photon’s energy is entirely absorbed. What is this interaction?
photoelectric interaction
true/false: the probability of a Compton interaction depends on the atomic number of the atom involved
False (compton is kVp dependent)
true/false: the probability of a photoelectric effect depends on the atomic number of the tissue atom
true
