Review 5 Flashcards
Know the characteristics of the plant kingdom.
Multicellular, conduct photosynthesis, has cell walls made up cellulose “fiber”, ae eukaryotic “nucleus”, are autotrophs “make their own food”
Know the evolutionary order of the 4 major groups of plants we discussed and their characteristics.
- Bryophytes- mosses, liverworts, and hornworts (No vascular tissue, needs water to allow sperm and egg to swim, lack of roots stems and leaves
- Seedless Vascular-ferns, horsetails (are large because of vascular system, 2 types of vascular tissues, Xylem carries water up, Phloem carries water down, produce eggs and sperm
- Cone Bearing-Gymnosperms-pines, firs and junipers ( has a vascular system, cones are the reproductive structure, Produces seeds by transferring pollen from male to female cones.
- Flowering plants-angiosperm-everything else(produces seeds from flower by transferring pollen, has vascular tissue.
What are the 2 types of vascular tissue plants have? What are their functions?
Xylem carries water up, conducts water and minerals from the roots upward to the rest of the plant
Phloem carries water down, conducts carbohydrates throughout the plant
Know the parts of the flower and their purpose
Stamen is the male reproductive structure consist the anther
Anther where pollen develops
Carpel is the female reproductive structure
Stigma is a sticky structure that traps pollen
Ovary where egg develop
Where does fruit come from and what does it contain?
All fruit are from fertilized flowers and contain seeds (simple fruit come from 1 flower with one or many ovaries or from many flowers)
What does the seed contain?
Have 3 main parts 1 a sporophyte 2 endosperm, a source for food for the developing embryo 3.drought resistant protective cover
Know the 10 different body systems we discussed, their basic function, and their major organs.
Nervous system- communication, signaling, sensory command, proceeding of information (electrical signals carried by nervous system
Sensory-touch, taste, sight, smell, etc
Endocrine-hormones and glands
Reproductive-
Muscular and skeletal- structure, protection, bone marrow produce all blood cell (red white Platelets, stores calcium) Smooth muscles involuntary, striated voluntary and cardiac muscle
Circulatory- Heart, veins, arteries, blood
Respiratory
Digestive
Excretory- kidney, bladder, ureters, ureter, urethra, skin
Immune-white blood cells and antibodies 1st line skin and mucus membranes, 2nd line white blood cell gobbles up foreign invaders, an 3rd line of defense specific immunity responsible for us becoming immune through antibody production
What is homeostasis and some examples?
Homeostasis – dynamic steady state –body temperature, oxygen levels of blood, Blood ph
Know the 4 things that contribute to population size over times.
Birth rate, Death rate, rate of immigration into pollution, and rate of emigration out of the population
What is carrying capacity and how does it affect population size?
Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals or maximum population density the habitat can support
Know the 3 different population survivorship curves and what they mean.
Exponential growth-occurs when population grows at a fixed rate per amount of time. Known as J Shape
Logistic growth-occurs when population growth slows as the population approaches the habitat’s the carrying capacity
What’s the difference between food chain and food web?
Food Chain and food web describes which species eat which other species. Chain is a single loop, Food web multiple chain together to make a web.
Know the 4 different symbiotic relationships and some examples of each
Parasitism-1 benefits and the other is harmed
Commensalism-1 benefits while having no effect on other
Mutualism-both benefits
Predation-1 hunts/captures, and consumes another
Know the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles.
Water is moved to the atmosphere via evaporation, transportation moved around in atmosphere then joint together by condonation, falls back the earth by precipitation move into biotic (living organisms) by absorption and drinking some is passed through food chain by consumption lost through respiration, precipitation, excretion and transportation
Carbon cycle is release in the atmosphere from decaying organisms, burning of fossils fuels and reparation it is absorbs by plants to make glucose by photosynthesis
Nitrogen cycle requires bacteria for living organism to use it. Nitrogen fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. Nitrifying bacteria convent ammonia to nitrates which your body can use after uses denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates back to atmosphere nitrogen
Know the 10% rule in trophic levels
10% rule means that for very increase in human body mass due to an increase in population, we need 10x that mass in food consumption.
