Review Flashcards
Why do partial agonists have less activity that full agonists?
A. They bind less tightly to the receptor
B. they bind to active and inactive receptors
C. they only bind to the inactive receptor
D. they reset the equilibrium constant
B
In the presence of a fixed concentration of a competitive antagonist, what should the log dose response curve reveal.
A. Change in both Emax and Kd
B. No changes in Emax or Kd
C. Only the Emax changes
D. Only the Kd changes
D
In the presence of a fixed concentration of a non-competitive antagonist, what should the log dose response curve reveal?
A. Change in both Emax and Kd
B. No changes in Emax or Kd
C. Only the Emax changes
D. Only the Kd changes
C
Which of the following is true of an inverse agonist?
A. Actually an antagonist
B. Alters equilibrium constant
C. Can act at other points in signaling
D. Not a true agonist
B
Which of the following drugs is an inverse agonist?
A. Propranolol B. Epinephrine C. Histamine D. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) E. Norepinephrine (Levofed)
D
If somebody told you a drug had a very low Therapeutic Index you would know the following was true:
A. It has a wide therapeutic window
B. It has a narrow therapeutic window
C. It’s LD50 is much larger than its ED50
D. It’s LD50 is not far from its ED50
D (but also B sort of)
Aspirin has a pKa of 3.4 and is allowed to equilibrate between the stomach (pH 1.4) and the plasma (pH 7.4). At equilibrium what will the ratio of aspirin in plasma be to aspirin in the stomach?
A. equal
B. 100 to 1
C. 1,000 to 1
D. 10,000 to 1
D
Codeine has a pKa of 7.9 and is allowed to equilibrate between the stomach (pH 1.4) and the plasma (pH 7.4). At equilibrium what will the ratio of codeine in plasma be to codeine in the stomach?
A. equal
B. 1.0 to 10
C. 1.0 to 1,000
D. 1.0 to 1,000,000
D
Which of the following methods of drug administration is enteral?
A. Intravenous
B. Intramuscular
C. Rectal
D. Subcutaneous
C
Your patient tells you that their metered dose inhaler is not helping manage her asthma. What should you do?
A. Order a nebulizer treatment
B. Prescribe an oral medication
C. Switch them to a Diskus
D. Watch them use their metered device
D
One dose (500 mgs) of acetaminophen (Tylenol) was administered by
IV route; the amount of drug in plasma as measured by determining
AUC (Area Under Curve) was 500.
Same amount (500 mg) of acetaminophen from Company X, when given orally, the AUC was found to be 250; 500 mg from Company Y, given orally, AUC was found to be 125.
What is the Bioavailability of acetaminophen obtained
from Company X and Company Y?
A. Company X = 50%; Company Y = 25% B. Company X = 25%; Company Y = 50% C. Company X = 25%; Company Y = 25% D. Company X = 50%; Company Y = 50% E. Company X = 200%; Company Y = 100%
A
What is an antidote for an overdose of beta blockers? A. Bicarbonate B. Acetylcysteine C. Naloxone D. Deforoxamine E. Glucagon F. Protamine
E.
A patient with heart failure currently being treated with Digoxin, has a toxic concentration of digoxin 8 ng / ml in his plasma. The half-life of Digoxin is about 24 hours.
How long will it take to reach a safe level of 2 ng / ml digoxin? Digoxin at these concentrations is eliminated by first order kinetics. A. One day B. Two days C. Two hours D. Three days E. Six days
B
A suspected drunk driver was brought to hospital and blood was drawn at 2 pm, 4 pm and 6 pm.
The alcohol concentrations were: 2 pm – 160 mg / dL;
4 pm – 140 mg / dL; 6 pm – 120 mg / dL.
The accident took place on the same day at 12 noon. Alcohol in excess follows Zero order kinetics. What was the plasma alcohol concentration at the time of the accident? A. 120 mg / dL B. 140 mg / dL C. 200 mg / dL D. 180 mg / dL E. 176 mg / dL
D
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels and leads to long-term health complications.
Which of the following medications help these patients by decreasing glucose synthesis and also decreasing release of glucose by liver? A. Insulin B. Sulfonyl ureas C. Diet and Exercise D. Metformin E. Pioglitazone (TZD)
D
