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H & D quiz 3 > Review 1 > Flashcards

Review 1 Flashcards

1
Q

typical pneumonia

A

acute bacterial pneumonia
community acquired (CAP) or (HCAP)
hours to days
onset with fever and cough

lobar consoliation or segmental bronchopneumonia
pleuritis
micro-aspiration URT colonizing bacteria

MOST OFTERN S. PNEUMONIAE

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2
Q

etiology of CAP

A
  1. pneumococcus
  2. haemophilus (largely disappeared)
  3. G- like klebsiella
  4. viral pneumonia usually in children
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3
Q

Atypicial Pneumonia

A

disseminated, all treated the same although they are different bugs.

M. pneumoniae
C. pneumoniae
Legionella pneumophilia- water
Coxiella burnetti
chlamydia psittaci
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4
Q

aspiration pneumonia

A 
stuppor, coma or seizures.
FOCAL
Oropharyngeal flora
CAP: G+s, and up to 20% anaerobes
HCAP: G-s like S. aureus

can be complicated by chronic pneumonia with *abscess formation

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5
Q

Atypicial Pneumonia

A

disseminated, all treated the same although they are different bugs.

M. pneumoniae
C. pneumoniae
L. pneumophilia- water
Coxiella burnetti
chlamydia psittaci
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6
Q

aspiration pneumonia

A 
stuppor, coma or seizures.
FOCAL
Oropharyngeal flora
CAP: G+s, and up to 20% anaerobes
HCAP:
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7
Q

Hemophilus Flu

A

G- coccobacillus

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8
Q

Enterics

A

GNR

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9
Q

Treatment of CAP

A

beta lactams- strep, staph, klebsie

macrolides: atypicals

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10
Q

treatment of HCAP

A

resistant staph + GNB

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11
Q

Chronic Pneumonia

A

Patchy, weeks to months.

No empiric treatment.

requires bronchoscopy or lung biopsy

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12
Q

Chronic Pneumonia

A

Patchy, weeks to months.

No empiric treatment.

requires bronchoscopy or lung biopsy

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13
Q

Expectorated Sputum

A

Acceptable if: 25 PMNs

ratio GREATER than 5:1

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14
Q

Expectorated Sputum

A

Acceptable if: 25 PMNs

ratio GREATER than 5:1

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15
Q

Rapid antigen test

A

point of care testing- only flu and RSV

backup test for negatives

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16
Q

DFA

A

fast, stains most common viruses. less sensitive than culture

17
Q

Culture

A

more sensitive but slower. not all viruses grow well

18
Q

PCR

A

gold standard but expensive.

FAST

19
Q

PCR

A

gold standard but expensive.

FAST

20
Q

CXR reading

A
  1. patient’s name
  2. verify date of XR
  3. compare prior films
  4. evaluate quality
21
Q

CXR ABCs

A 
Airway
Bones
Cardiac Shadow
Diaphragms 
effusions/empty spaces
fields of lungs
gastric bubble
hilar region
indwelling lines
22
Q

CXR ABCs

A 
Airway
Bones
Cardiac Shadow
Diaphragms 
effusions/empty spaces
fields of lungs
gastric bubble
hilar region
indwelling lines
23
Q

most common culprits of viral pneumonia

A

Picornavirus-Rhinovirus: common cold. susceptible to acid

24
Q

Viral vs Bacterial

A

bacteria: high fever, prolonged symptoms,

25
Q

Double worsening

A

viral then bacterial infections.

“superinfection”

H & D quiz 3 (8 decks)

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