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Hematology 1 and Body Fluids > Reticulocytes, Hct, ESR, Hgb > Flashcards

Reticulocytes, Hct, ESR, Hgb Flashcards

1
Q

What is the calculation for the reticulocyte count?

A
  • (# of reticulocytes x 100) / 1000 RBC
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2
Q

What are some examples of sources of error in retic counts?

A
  • Anemic or polycythemic
  • Mixing appropriately
  • Moisture – artifacts are refractile
  • Heinz bodies, Howell Jolly and pappenheimer
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3
Q

What is the reference range for reticulocytes in:

  • Adults
  • Newborns
A
  • Adults: 0.5 – 1.5 – or up to 2.0% in many places

- Newborns: 2.0 – 6.0%

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4
Q

What can cause the following changes in the range of a retic count?

  • Decreases
  • Increases
A
  • Decreases: suppressed bone marrow production

- Increases: hemolytic anemias, response to therapy

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5
Q

What is an absolute reticulocyte count?

A
  • actual number of reticulocytes in 1 liter or 1 microliter of blood
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6
Q
  • What is the calculation for an absolute retic count?

- What is the reference range?

A
  • (Reticulocytes (%) X RBC count (X10^12/L)) / 100

- Reference ranges 25,000 to 75, 000/uL

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7
Q
  • When would a corrected retic count be used?

- What is the count correcting?

A
  • Principle this calculation is used for individuals who have a low hematocrit. Retic count will be falsely elevated as there are fewer RBC
  • Negates or minimizes the dilutional effect
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8
Q

What is the calculation for a corrected retic count?

A
  • retic % x (patient Hct% / 45)
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9
Q
  • What is the Reticulocyte Production Index?

- What is the calculation for it?

A
  • Correction for the Shift reticulocytes in the circulation
  • Correction needed because of the presence of shift reticulocytes
  • RPI = (reticulocyte (%) X HCT (%)/45) / maturation time
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10
Q

What is the range of BM response for the Reticulocyte Production Index?

A
  • Adequate BM response >3

- Inadequate BM response < 2

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11
Q

What are some of the errors of a manual retic count (4)?

A
  • stain variability
  • slide distribution
  • statistical sampling error
  • interobserver error
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12
Q

Microhematocrit

- Equipment and material

A
  • 2 plain capillary tubes
  • Nonabsorbent clay
  • Microhematocrit tubes
  • Microhematocrit reader
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13
Q

Microhematocrit

- Procedure

A
  • Take two plastic plain tubes since the specimen is EDTA blood
  • Seal tube nonabsorbent clay. Hold tube horizontally. Plug should be 4mm long.
  • Balance tubes in a hematocrit centrifuge with sealed end facing the outside touching the rubber gasket.
  • Tighten the lid of the microhematocrit centrifuge.
  • Centrifuge at 10,000 g to 15,000g for 5 minutes. Do not use brake to stop the centrifuge.
  • Determine the hematocrit of both tubes. Read the hematocrit using the reader. Do not include the buffy coat.
  • Duplicate reading must match up to 1%.
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14
Q

What are the reference ranges for HCT for adult males and females?

A
  • Adult male: 40 – 54%

- Adult female: 35 – 49%

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15
Q

Rule of Three

  • Principles
  • Calculations
A
  • Principles – visual check for normocytic, normochromic red blood cells
  • value of hematocrit should be three times the value of hemoglobin +/- 3
    • HGB X 3 = HCT +/- 3 (0.03 L/L)
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16
Q

What are four circumstances when values do not follow the “Rule of Three”?

A
  • Abnormal red cells
  • Hemoglobin concentration: hypochromic, microcytic
  • If red cells look normal; falsely low hemoglobin or false elevation of hematocrit
  • Lipemic specimen: falsely high hemoglobin
17
Q

Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV):

  • Calculation
  • Unit of measurement
A
  • (HCT (%)× 10) / (RBC count (×10^12/L))

- femtoliters

18
Q
  • What is the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)?

- Unit of measure?

A
  • Av. weight of hemoglobin

- measured in pictograms

19
Q

What is the calculation for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)?

A
  • HGB (g/dL)×10 / RBC count (×10^12/L)
20
Q

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC):

  • Units of measurement
  • Calculation
A
  • g/dL

- HGB (g/dL)×100 / HCT (%)

21
Q

Reference ranges for:

  • MCV
  • MHC
  • MCHC
A
  • MCV 80 -100fL (<80 fl microcytic, >100fl macrocytic)
  • MCH 26 – 32 pg
  • MCHC 32 -36 g/dL (<32 hypochromic and >36 g/dL sperocytic shapes)
22
Q

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate:

  • Definition
  • International reference method
A
  • Distance RBCs fall in an hour (mm/hr)

- International reference method: Westergren method

23
Q

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate:
Reference range
- Males under and over 50 yrs
- Females under and over 50 yrs

A
  • Males 0-15mm (up to age 50)
  • Males 0-20mm (over age 50)
  • Females 0-20mm (up to age 50)
  • Females 0-30mm (over age 50)
24
Q

Sedimentation Rate:

- Sources of error (3)

A
  • ↑ temperature
  • air bubbles
  • tube tilting
25
Q

Sedimentation Rate:

- What can this test indicate?

A
  • NON-SPECIFIC indicator of inflammation or infection

Hematology 1 and Body Fluids (9 decks)

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