Resuscitation Procedures Flashcards
What is cardiopulmonary arrest?
Is sudden cessation of spontaneous & effective ventilation & systemic perfusion.
What are the potential causes of cardiopulmonary arrest?
Cardiovascular - hypoxia, hypercapnia, hypotension, severe anaemia.
Metabolic - electrolyte imbalances, acidosis, hypoglycaemia.
Other - hypothermia, severe brain injury, toxins.
What are the clinical signs of cardiopulmonary arrest?
Agonal breathing pattern or absence of respiratory pattern.
Loss of consciousness.
Absence of heartbeat or weak/rapid pulses.
Fixed, dilated pupils. Lack of palpebral and corneal reflex.
What is cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation (or CPCR)?
Provision of artificial ventilation & circulation (also known as basic life support).
Usually remembered as Airway, Breathing & Circulation (ABC).
How many people should be involved with CPR, ideally?
3-5 people
What to do in the event of CPA?
Start cardiac compressions.
Call for help/assistance.
Provide ventilation.
Place an I/V.
Place ECG/multi-parameter.
What is the primary aim of basic life support?
Temporarily support patient’s oxygenation, ventilation & circulation.
How long should chest compressions be given in each cycle?
Given in uninterrupted cycles of 2 minutes.
What position should a patient be when receiving chest compressions?
Lateral recumbency.
What is the compression rate when giving chest compressions and what depth should be done?
Rate of 100-120/minute.
Compression depth of 1/3 to 1/2 the width of the chest.
How often should the compressor change when doing CPR?
Every 2 minutes.
What chest compression technique should be used for round chested - medium, large & giant breed dogs?
The thoracic pump approach.
What part of the chest is the thoracic pump approach performed on?
Focuses on the widest part of the chest.
What chest compression technique should be used on keel-chested, (and deep & narrow) dogs?
Cardiac pump approach.
Where should compressions be focused on when doing the cardiac pump approach?
Directly over the heart.
For small dogs and cats (under 10kg), what technique is best when performing CPR?
Using a 1-handed technique, with your hand wrapped around the sternum directly over the heart.
What are the three common cardiac arrests rhythms in dogs & cats?
Pulse less electrical activity (PEA)
Asystole
Ventricular fibrillation
What are the three most common drugs used?
(In regards to CPR)
Adrenaline
Atropine
Lidocaine
What does adrenaline do?
Increases heart rate, blood pressure and blood flow.
Peripheral vasoconstrictor.
What is atropine used for?
Used to reduce vagal tone.
Controls severe bradycardia.
