Intro To First Aid

Question 1

What are the three classifications of emergencies?

Answer 1

1. Life threatening emergency - requires immediate action. E.g., serious haemorrhage, poisoning, RTA, gastric dilation & torsion, dyspnoea.
2. Immediate emergency - requiring immediate attention but not life threatening. E.g., conscious collapse, fracture & dislocation, dystocia, gaping wounds.
3. Minor emergency - phone advice can help alleviate suffering until able to be seen. E.g., polydipsia, minor wounds, mild vomiting/diarrhoea.

Question 2

What does an ambulatory patient mean?

Answer 2

An animal that can rise to its feet & walk, even if limping.
Able to move themselves.

Question 3

What does a non-ambulatory patient mean?

Answer 3

Animal unable to stand or walk, even with assistance.
Requires carrying.

Question 4

What is triage?

Answer 4

Process of rapid elimination & classification of emergency patients based on severity of injuries & the urgency with which treatment is required.

Question 5

What are the three major body systems?

Answer 5

Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Neurological

Question 6

What parameters should be recorded in first assessment?

Answer 6

HR & pulse quality
MM colour & CRT
RR & respiratory effort
Gait
Mentation
Temperature

Question 7

When assessing the cardiovascular system, what parameters should you check?

Answer 7

Heart rate
Pulse quality
MM colour
CRT

Question 8

What is the normal capillary refill time?

Answer 8

1-2 seconds

Question 9

What does pale MM suggest?

Answer 9

Anaemia/hypovolaemic shock

Question 10

What does red MM suggest?

Answer 10

Disruptive shock, sepsis

Question 11

What does Cyanotic MM suggest?

Answer 11

Severe hypoxia

Question 12

What does jaundice MM suggest?

Answer 12

Liver disease/or haemolytic anaemia.

Question 13

What does cherry red MM suggest?

Answer 13

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 14

What does brown MM suggest?

Answer 14

Paracetamol poisoning

Question 15

What are the normal heart rate parameters for cats & dogs?

Answer 15

Cat = 110-180bpm
Dog = 70-140bpm

Question 16

Define tachycardia

Answer 16

Increase in heart/pulse rate.

Question 17

Term used to describe an increased heart rate?

Answer 17

Tachycardia

Question 18

Define bradycardia

Answer 18

Decrease in heart/pulse rate.

Question 19

Term used to describe decreased heart rate?

Answer 19

Bradycardia

Question 20

What are the normal respiratory rates for a cat & dog?

Answer 20

Cat = 20-30bpm
Dog = 10-30bpm

Question 21

Define tachypnoea

Answer 21

Increased respiratory rate.

Question 22

Term used to describe increased respiratory rate?

Answer 22

Tachypnoea

Question 23

Define bradypnoea

Answer 23

Decreased respiratory rate.

Question 24

Term used to describe decreased respiratory rate?

Answer 24

Bradypnoeia

Question 25

Define dyspnoea

Answer 25

Difficulty in breathing.

Question 26

What two things are assessed for the nervous system?

Answer 26

Mentation and gait.

Question 27

What does paresis mean?

Answer 27

Weakness

Question 28

What does plegia mean?

Answer 28

Paralysis.

Question 29

What does quadriplegia/tetraplegia mean?

Answer 29

Paralysis of all four limbs.

Question 30

What does paraplegia mean?

Answer 30

Paralysis of any two limbs.

Question 31

What does hemiplegia mean?

Answer 31

Paralysis of one side of the body.

Question 32

What does hypermetria mean?

Answer 32

Exaggerated limb movements.

Question 33

Normal temperature for a dog?

Answer 33

38.3 - 38.7 degrees

Question 34

Normal temperature for a cat?

Answer 34

38 - 38.5 degrees

Question 35

Normal temperature for a rabbit?

Answer 35

38.5 - 40 degrees