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Dental Assisting Course Study Guide > Restorative And Esthetic Dental Materials > Flashcards

Restorative And Esthetic Dental Materials Flashcards

1
Q

Standardization of dental materials

A

Not hurt the body or be poisonous to the body.

Not hurt tissues or cause oral cavity tissues to become inflamed.

Help protect teeth and oral tissues.

Be similar in appearance to natural tooth structure.

Be easy to apply in the mouth.

Conform to function.

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2
Q

Tinsel stress

A

Material is pulled an expanded

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3
Q

Compressive stress

A

Material is pushed into self

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4
Q

Sheer stress

A

Material is broken down

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5
Q

Force

A

Strength or power exerted onto a material

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6
Q

Stress

A

Refers to the manner in which the material responds internally to force

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7
Q

Strain

A

Refers to the ultimate way in which materials change because of stress

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8
Q

What can temperature change cause in dental materials?

A

Microleakage

Restoration failure

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9
Q

Galvanic action

A

Refers to an electrical current that’s stems from two different metals being present in the oral cavity at the same time

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10
Q

What causes galvanic action to occur?

A

Saliva.

Two metallic components of different composition.

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11
Q

Flow

A

The dental material must be adaptable enough so that I can place as a restoration

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12
Q

Adhesion

A

Different materials message here to each other.

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13
Q

Wetting

A

The material must be able to flow over the surface. Consideration and wetting is whether to materials are Hydro folic/water loving or hydrophobic/water hating. A hydrophilic surface would not be wet well by a hydrophobic liquid.

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14
Q

Viscosity

A

This property causes the material to not be able to flow easily. The higher the viscosity, the less easily it will flow and the less it will wet the surface.

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15
Q

Surface characteristics

A

A liquid has an increase flow rate on a rough surface compared with that of a smooth surface.

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16
Q

Film thickness

A

The thinner the thickness of the film, the stronger the adhesive interface.

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17
Q

Retention

A

Means that to materials are being held together without the use of an adhesive material.

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18
Q

Auto curing

A

When a chemical reaction occurs within material resulting in hardening of material

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19
Q

Light curing

A

When hardening of material result only when curing light is applied to material

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20
Q

Restorative dentistry

A

Field of dentistry that focuses on returning damaged it to their natural appearance and function with a pleasing aesthetic

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21
Q

Esthetic

A

A pleasing appearance

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22
Q

What materials are used for restorative dentistry and esthetic procedures?

A

Amalgam

Composite resin

Glass ionomer‘s

Intermediate restorative materials

Tooth whitening products

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23
Q

Amalgam

A

Use the most frequently on posterior detention. It is safe, cost effective, and strong.

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24
Q

Alloy

A

A mixture made up of two or more different media

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25
Q

Mercury

A

Comprises 43 to 54% of the mixture

26
Q

Alloy powder

A

Comprises 46 to 57% of the mixture

27
Q

Silver

A

Gives the amalgam strength

28
Q

Tin

A

Provides work ability and strength

29
Q

Copper

A

Provide strength and resistance to corrosion

30
Q

Zinc

A

Provides oxidation suppression

31
Q

what milligrams are amalgam capsules available in?

A

600 mgs of alloy

800 mgs of alloy

32
Q

Activator

A

Equipment that is used to break the separating membrane in the amalgam capsule

33
Q

Composite resins

A

Tooth colored restorative materials made of silica or porcelain fillers. Or other particles with liquid resin that bind together to form a solid and hard restoration material.

34
Q

Characteristics of composite resins

A

Can withstand changes in the environment of the oral cavity.

Can easily be created to resemble the shape of natural dentition.

Can be matched to patients natural teeth

Can be directly bonded to the surface of the tooth.

35
Q

Dimethacrylate

A

A fluid. It is a monomer used to make synthetic resins.

36
Q

Polymerization

A

Additives that create a chemical reaction and allow the material to take shape.

37
Q

Additives

A

Initiator
Accelerator
Retarder
Ultraviolet stabilizers

38
Q

Inorganic fillers

A

For composite resins to be used as a restorative material, fillers are added to add strength and body. Inorganic fillers include quartz, glass, silica, and color ants.

39
Q

What are some inorganic fillers?

A

Quartz
Glass
Silica
Colorant

40
Q

Organisilane compound

A

A coupling agent that strengthens the resin by allowing filler particles to chemically bond with resin matrix

41
Q

Macrofilled composites

A

Made up of large particles creating strength but also a dull, rough surface. This composite is rarely used today.

42
Q

Microfilled composites

A

Inorganic filler that is much smaller and capable of producing a highly polished, finished restoration. Most often used in anterior restorations.

43
Q

Hybrid composites

A

Made up of both macrofill and microfilm particles.

44
Q

Application of composite resin

A

The shade should be chosen before the tooth is prepared because desiccation throughout the procedure changes the color.

If the operator prefers, the material can be placed directly into the tooth with the use of a handheld applicator.

Only 1 mm to 2 mm increment should be placed and light cured at a time.

The shade of the tooth is selected.

The approximate amount of material is placed on a paper pad or a light protected surface.

The material is transferred in increments, subjected to light caring, and is completed by finishing and polishing.

45
Q

Polymerization

A

The process in which a composite resin changes from a soft, pliable state to a hardened, strong restoration.

46
Q

Finishing composite restoration

A

Reducing the material with white stones with finishing burs.

Fine finishing the material with carbide burs and finishing burs.

Polishing the medium discs and finishing with fine discs.

Polishing inter-proximal surfaces with finishing strips.

Final polishing with a polishing paste and rubber cup.

47
Q

Glass ionomer’s

A

A versatile material that has chemical components that allow it to be used as a restorative material/liner/bonding agent and permanent cement.

48
Q

What are glass ionomer‘s used for?

A

Primary teeth, non-loadbearing areas, temporary restorations, cavity liners, bonding agent, cements for permanent crowns.

49
Q

What is glass ionomer composed of?

A

Glass, acrylic acid, Tartaric acid, Maleic acid, meta reinforced glass ionomer

50
Q

Liquid and powder

A

Mixed together with instrument on treated paper pad

51
Q

Light protected tubes

A

Distributed onto a treated paper pad

52
Q

Paste/paste system

A

Two pastes are mixed together

53
Q

Pre-measured capsule

A

Triturated at time of application

54
Q

Temporary restorative materials

A

Material that is applied to allow affected areas to function until permanent restorations can be placed

55
Q

Intermediate restorative materials

A

Material that has applied to the dentist before the application of the restorative material

56
Q

Intermediate restorative material is composed of what?

A

Zinc oxide which provides durability and strength.

Eugenia which provides soothing effect

57
Q

Preparing and delivering intermediate restorative material

A

Assemble the liquid and powder container of IRN with a measuring scoop, a mixing pad, and a spatula.

Use the measuring scoop to dispense powder onto the mixing pad.

Dispense liquid onto the measuring pad. The ratio is 1 to 1, meaning one scoop of powder to one drop of liquid.

Mix the powder into the liquid and increments to form a stiff paste. The mixing time should be about one minute.

Roll the IRM into a ball for easy delivery to the tooth.

Wipe the spatula clean before the material sets.

Set IRM in the restored tooth.

58
Q

Provisional restorative materials

A

Product to use the temporary return the shape and function of a tooth while the permanent replacement is fabricated

59
Q

How to apply provisional restorative materials

A

The material is mixed and then placed in a custom, vacuum formed tray or alginate impression.

The material is allowed to cure after being seated over the prepared tooth.

The occlusion and margins are adjusted.

Temporary cement is used to cement the material in place.

60
Q

Ceramics

A

Compound that contains a mixture of metals and nonmetals materials, producing durability and an aesthetic appearance

61
Q

What are the different types of ceramic restoration?

A

Porcelain fused to metal.

Porcelain bonded to metal.

Ceramic to metal.

Porcelain metal.

62
Q

Why should you use porcelain?

A

Shades of porcelain can be easily matched natural dentition.

Porcelain improve the appearance of the anterior teeth.

Porcelain is a strong as metal.

Porcelain is a good insulating material.

Porcelain does not succumb to changes in shape due to thermal changes.

Dental Assisting Course Study Guide (7 decks)

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