Intraoral Radiographic Procedures Flashcards
Full mouth survey
Also called a complete mouth survey, it consists of 18 to 20 intro oral exposures, typically containing 16 periapical and 4 bite wing radiographs.
Periapical
Radiograph that shows the desire teeth and surrounding areas.
Bite wing
Radiograph used to examine the inter-proximal surfaces of teeth
What are the two basic techniques for obtaining periapical radiographs?
Paralleling and bisection of the angle.
Periapical radiographs steps
Ensure the operatory has all the protective barriers in place.
Label a paper cup with the patients name and the date. Use this as a transfer cup for storing and moving exposed film.
Turn on the x-ray machine and check the basic settings.
Wash and dry your hands.
Set aside the desired number of films and store them outside the x-ray room.
See if the patient comfortably in the dental chair, with the back in the upright position and head supported.
Ask the patient to remove eyeglasses and bulky earrings, or any oral piercings.
Have the patient take out any removable oral prosthetic appliances.
Explain the process to the patient.
Place the lead apron and thyroid collar.
Position the patient with the occlusal plane of the jaw being radiograph parallel to the floor in the mouth is in the open position.
Wash and dry your hands and put on clean examination gloves.
Paralleling technique
Technique in which the x-ray film packet is placed lingual to the tooth, centering on the tooth needed, with the film extending to the coronal and apical areas of the tooth.
Film placement
Position the films that it will cover the teeth
Film position
Position in the film parallel to the long axis of the tooth. the film in the film holder must be placed away from the teeth and tour the middle of the mouth.
Vertical angulation
Direct the central ray of the x-ray beam perpendicular to the film and a long axis of the tooth.
Horizontal angulation
Direct the central ray of the x-ray beam through the contact areas between the teeth.
Central ray
Center the x-ray beam on the film to ensure that all areas of the film are exposed
Elongated
Longer
Forshortened
Shorter
Paralleling technique tips
The white side of the film should face the teeth.
Position interior film vertically and posterior film horizontally.
Play say identification door on the film in the side of the film holder.
Position the film hold her away from the teeth and toward the middle of the mouth.
The film should be centered over the areas to be examined.
Recommended interior exposure sequence
Begin with a maxillary right canine, tooth six. Expose all the maxillary anterior teeth from right to left.
End with the maxillary left canine, tooth 11.
Next, moved to the mandibular arch.
Begin with the mandibular left canine, tooth 22.
Expose all the mandibular anterior teeth from left to right.
Finished with the mandibular right canine, tooth 27.
How do you expose the maxillary canine region
Insert the number one film packet vertically into the anterior bite block.
Position the film packet with the canine and first pre-molar-centered. Position to film as far to the posterior as possible.
With the film holding instrument and film in place, instruct the patient to close his or her mouth slowly but firmly.
Position the localizing ring and PID. Then expose the film.
How do you expose the maxillary Central/lateral incisor region?
Insert the number 1 film packet vertically into the anterior bite block.
Center the film packet between the dental and lateral incisors and place the film as far to the rear of the mouth as possible.
With the film holding instrument and film in place, instruct the patient to close his or her mouth slowly but firmly.
Position the localizing ring and PID, then expose the film.
How do you expose the mandibular canine region?
Insert the number 1 film packet vertically into the anterior bite block.
Center the film on the canine. Position the film as far in the lingual direction as the patient will allow.
Place a cotton roll between the maxillary teeth and bit block to prevent rocking of the bite block on the canine tip and to increase patient comfort.
How do you expose the mandibular incisor region?
Insert the number 1 film packet vertically into the anterior bite block.
Center the film packet between the central and lateral incisors and position the film as far in the lingual direction as the patient will allow.
With the instrument and film in place, instruct the patient to close his or her mouth slowly but firmly.
Position the localizing ring and PID, then expose the film.
How do you expose the maxillary premolar region?
Insert the film packet horizontally into the posterior bite block pushing the film packet all the way into the slot.
Center the film packet on the second premolar. Position the film in the midpalatal area.
With the instrument and film in place, instruct the patient to close their mouth slowly but firmly.
Position the localizing ring and PID, then expose the film.
How do you expose the maxillary molar region?
Insert the film packet horizontally into the posterior position.
Center the film packet in the second molar. Position the film in the midpalatal area.
With the instrument and film in place, instruct the patient to slowly but firmly close their mouth.
Position the localizing ring and PID, then expose the radiograph.
How do you expose the mandibular premolar region?
Insert the number two film horizontally into the posterior by block.
Center the film on the contact point between the second premolar and the first molar. Is it in the film as far in the lingual direction as a patient’s anatomy will allow.
With the instrument and film in place, instruct the patient to close his or her mouth slowly but firmly.
By the localizing ring down indicated ride to the patient skin.
Position of localizing ring in PID, then expose the film.
How to expose the mandibular molar region
Insert the number two film horizontal into the posterior bite block.
Center the film on the second molar. Position the film as far in the lingual direction as the tongue will allow. This position will be closer to the teeth and that for the premolar and anterior views.
With the instrument and film in place, instruct the patient to close his or her mouth slowly but firmly.
Position localizing ring in PID, then expose the film.
Bisecting
Divided into two equal parts
Perpendicular
At a right angle to the film
Endodontic
Root canal
Endentulous
Without teeth
Exposure factors
Milliamperage, kilovoltage, time.
Maxillary anterior landmarks
Median palatine suture
Incisive foramen
Anterior nasal spine
Nasal septum
Nasal fossa
Mandible landmarks
Genial tubercles
Lingual foramen
Nutrient canals
Mandibular canal
Coronoid process
Mylohyoid ridge
External oblique ridge
Mental ridge
Mounting radiographs
Handle film only by the edges.
Before mounting the film, label to film out with a patient’s full name, the date of exposure, and the dentist name.
Work with clean and dry hands.
Use a definite order for mounting film.
Use the smile line to mount bite wing radiographs.
