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Adaptation > Rest & Sleep T5 > Flashcards

Rest & Sleep T5 Flashcards

1
Q

Not enough sleep

A

Inability to concentrate
Poor judgment
Moody
Irritability

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2
Q

Chronic sleep loss

A 
Obesity
Depression 
Hypertension 
Diabetes mellitus
Heart attack
Stroke
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3
Q

NERM

A

Non-rapid eye movement sleep

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4
Q

Stage 1 NERM

A 
Light sleep
Few minutes 
Muscle relaxation 
Loss of awareness 
Vital signs and metabolism decrease
Awakens easily 
Drowsy
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5
Q

Stage 2 NERM

A 
Deeper sleep
10-20min
Vital signs and metabolism slow
Slightly more stimulation to awaken 
Increased relaxation
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6
Q

Stage 3 NERM

A 
Slow wave sleep/delta
Vital signs decreasing 
More difficult to awaken 
Psychological rest
Reduced sympathetic activity
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7
Q

REM

A

Rapid eye movement sleep

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8
Q

What does REM involve?

A 
Vivid dreaming
90 min after falling asleep 
Longer with each sleep cycle 
Avg length 20min
Very difficult to awaken 
Cognitive restoration
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9
Q

Infant and toddlers average amount of sleep:

A

9-15 hr/day

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10
Q

Adolescences:

A

9-10 hr/day

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11
Q

Adults:

A

7-8 hr/day

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12
Q

Insomnia

A 
Most common sleep disorder 
Inability to get the required amount of sleep 
Difficulty falling asleep
Staying asleep 
Awakening to early 
Not refreshing sleep
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13
Q

Acute insomnia

A

Few days

Personal or situational stressors

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14
Q

Chronic insomnia

A

A month or more

Women and older adults more prone

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15
Q

Intermittent insomnia

A

Sleeping well for a few days then having insomnia a few days

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16
Q

Sleep apnea

A

More than 5 breaths lasting longer than 10 seconds per hr
Decreased arterial saturation levels
Can be a single disorder or combination of central or obstructive

17
Q

Central sleep apnea

A

Central nervous system dysfunction

Brain fails to trigger breathing during sleep

18
Q

Obstructive sleep apnea

A

Structures in mouth and throat relax

Occlude the upper airway

19
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Sudden attacks of sleep
Happens at inappropriate times
Increases risk for injury

20
Q

Hypersomnolence disorder

A

Excessive daytime sleepiness
At least 3 months
Impaired social and vocational activity
Increased risk for accidents

21
Q

Assessment/Data collection

A

Sleep patterns, history, new changes

Usual sleep requirements

22
Q

Factors that interfere with sleep

A 
Physiologic disorders
Current life events
Emotional stress
Mental illness 
Exercise 
Sleep environment 
Medication 
Substance use
23
Q

Nursing actions

A 
Bedtime routine 
Help with personal hygiene 
CPAP for sleep apnea patients 
Melatonin,valerian,chamomile 
Last resort-benzodiazepine
24
Q

Client education

A 
Exercise at least 2hr before bedtime 
Bedtime routine 
Sleep environment for comfort 
limit Alcohol,caffeine,nicotine 4 hrs before 
Limit fluids 2-4hrs before bedtime 
Muscle relaxation if anxious or stressed
25
Q

Decrease narcolepsy

A 
Exercise regularly 
Eat small meals high in protein 
Avoid activities that increase sleepiness 
Take naps when drowsy 
Take prescribed stimulants
26
Q

Decrease hypersomnolence disorder

A

Maintain regular sleep-wake schedule
Provide ample sleep opportunities
Take prescribed stimulants

27
Q

Alpha waves

A

High frequency
medium amplitude
irregular waves
Drowsy stage

28
Q

Beta waves

A

High frequency
Low amplitude
Irregular waves
Periods of wakefulness

29
Q

Delta waves

A

Low frequency
High amplitude
Regular waves
Deep sleep

30
Q

Theta waves

A 
High amplitude 
Common in children 
Rare in adults 
Occur with delta waves
Transitioning to a deeper sleep stage
31
Q

Spindles/k-complexes

A

Peaked
Irregular waves
Earlier phase of NREM

32
Q

RAS

A

Reticular activating system
Nerve cell bodies
Within the brain stem
Reticular formation and cortical neurons

33
Q

Reticular formation

A

Maintains wakefulness

Activated by stimuli from cerebral cortex

34
Q

EEG

A

Record electrical activity of neurons in the brain
Electrodes attached to scalp
5 different wave patterns

35
Q

Parasomnias

A 
Sleepwalking 
Sleep talking 
Bruxism
Night terrors 
REM sleep behavior disorders
Nocturnal enuresis
36
Q

Bruxism

A

Grinding and clenching of teeth
Stage 2 REM
Can erode tooth enamel and loosen teeth

37
Q

Nocturnal enuresis

A

Bed wetting

Past toilet training stage

38
Q

Secondary sleep disorders

A

Depression
Hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism
Pain

39
Q

Sleep-provoked disorders

A 
Coronary artery disease
Asthma
COPD
Diabetes 
Gastric and intestinal ulcers
Epilepsy

Adaptation (4 decks)

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