Range Of Motion T4

Question 1

Neck

Answer 1

Pivot joint

Flexion: move head from upright position to the chin, resting on the chest.
Extension: move the head from flexed to upright
Hyperrxtension: move head as far back as possible
Rotation: rotate the head in circular motion left to right

Question 2

Shoulder

Answer 2

Ball-and-socket joint

Flexion: raise the arm from side straight u
Extension: move the arm from flexed back to side of body
Hyperextension: arm straight up extend back behind head
Abduction: raise the arm the side of the body to the side of the head , palm facing outward
Adduction: move the arm downward beside the head to across the front of the body as far as possible
Circumduction: circle arm from shoulder
External rotation: arm held out to side bent at a right angle fingers pointing down move arm up so fingers point up
Internal rotation: move arm forward and then down back to starting position fingers pointing down

Question 3

Elbow

Answer 3

Hinge joint

Flexion: bend at the elbow, move forearm from straight up toward shoulder
Extension: straighten the arm
Rotation (supination): holding a cup of soup
Pronation: palm facing downward

Question 4

Wrist

Answer 4

Condyloid joint

Flexion: bend fingers toward inner part of forearm
Extension: straighten wrist
Hyperextension: bend wrist back as far as possible
Abduction: bend wrist toward thumb side
Adduction: bend wrist toward fifth finger side

Question 5

Hand and fingers

Answer 5

Flexion: fingers into fist
Extension: straighten fingers
Hyperextension: bend fingers back
Abductuon: spread fingers apart
Adduction: bring fingers together

Question 6

Thumb

Answer 6

Saddle joint
Flexion: move thumb across palm to fifth finger
Extension: move thumb away from fingers
Opposition: touch thumb to top of each finger

Question 7

Hip

Answer 7

Flexion: move leg forward and up
Extension: move leg back down bedside other
Hyperextension: move leg back behind the body
Abduction: move leg out laterally
Adduction: sweep leg inward across other leg
Circumduction: circle leg keeping the knee straight
Internal rotation:turn leg and foot inward toward other leg
External: turn foot and leg outward

Question 8

Knee

Answer 8

Flexion: bend at knee bring heel back toward butt
Extension: return to normal position

Question 9

Ankle

Answer 9

Extension: point toes and foot downward
Flexion: pull toes and foot upward

Question 10

Foot

Answer 10

Eversion: turning feet outside
Inversion: turning feet inside

Question 11

Toes

Answer 11

Flexion: curl toes downward
Extension: straighten toes
Abducton: spread toes apart
Adduction: bring toes together

Question 12

Trunk

Answer 12

Flexion: at waist bend forward
Extension: straighten trunk 
Hyperextension: bend trunk backward
Lateral flexion: bend trunk to the side
Rotation: twist at waist