RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD Flashcards
- Planned childbearing
- Prenatal care and support
- Parent education support
3 AREAS OF RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD
• Personal values
• Ability to choose a method correctly
• How the method will affect sexual enjoyment
• Financial factors
IMPORTANT THINGS TO CONSIDER IN CHOOSING CONTRACEPTIVES
• Status of couple’s relationship
• Prior experiences
• Future plans
IMPORTANT THINGS TO CONSIDER IN CHOOSING CONTRACEPTIVES
• Safe
• 100% effective
• Free of side effects
• Affordable
• Acceptable to the user and sexual partner
• Free of effects on future pregnancies
CHARACTERISTICS OF IDEAL CONTRACEPTIVES
• No chemical or foreign material being introduced into the body
• Safest way for the body
NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING
Abstain from sexual intercourse
The most effective way to protect against conception and prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STD)
Abstinence
• No chemical or foreign material being introduced into the body
• Safest way for the body
Natural Family Planning
Rely on detecting when the woman will be capable of impregnation (fertile) and using periods of abstinence or contraceptive use during that time
Fertility Awareness Methods (FAM)
- Calendar (Rhythm) Method
- Basal Body Temperature
- Cervical Mucus (Billings) Method
- Symptothermal Method
- Ovulation Awareness
- Lactation Amenorrhea Method (LAM)
- Coitus Interruptus
NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING
Requires a couple to abstain from coitus on the days of a menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to conceive (3-4 days before until 3-4 days after ovulation)
Calendar (Rhythm) Method
• Woman should keep a diary of sex menstrual cycles
Calendar (Rhythm) Method
Basis is just before the day of ovulation, a woman’s BBT falls about half a degree. At the time of ovulation, her BBT rises a full degree because of the influence of progesterone.
Basal Body Temperature
Woman takes her temperature each AM immediately after waking, before she undertakes any activity
Basal Body Temperature
She refrains from sex for the next 3 days.
Basal Body Temperature
Predicting ovulation by using changes in cervical mucus. Before ovulation, the cervical mucus is thick and does not stretch when pulled between the thumb and finger (spinnbarkeit). Just before ovulation, mucus secretion increases
Cervical Mucus (Billings) Method
• With ovulation (peak day), cervical mucus becomes copious, thin, watery, and transparent; it feels slippery and stretches at least 1 inch before the strand breaks. All the days mucus is copious and the 3 days after the peal days are considered to be fertile days, or days the woman should abstain from sex to avoid conception
Cervical Mucus (Billings) Method
• Combines the cervical mucus and BBT methods
Symptothermal Method
Predict ovulation by using over-the-counter ovulation detection kit
Ovulation Awareness
detects luteinizing hormone in urine 12 to 24 hours before ovulation
Ovulation Awareness
As long as a woman is breastfeeding an infant, there is some suppression of ovulation
Lactation Amenorrhea Method (LAM)
the couple proceeds with coitus until the moment of ejaculation
- the man withdraws and spermatozoa are emitted outside the vagina
Coitus Interruptus
A. Oral Contraception
B. Intramuscular Injection
C. Subcutaneous/Hormonal Implants
D. Intrauterine Device (IUD)
E. Barrier Method
F. Surgical Method (includes sterilization)
ARTIFICIAL FAMILY PLANNING METHODS
Composed of varying amounts of synthetic estrogen combined with small amount of synthetic progesterone. Failure rate of 1%
Oral Contraception
• May start to take the first pill 7 days after delivery
• Not taken by nursing mothers.
Oral Contraception
SIDE EFFECTS: nausea, weight gain, headache, breast tenderness, spotting outside menstrual period, monilial vaginal infections, mild hypertension and depression
Oral Contraception
Missed pill- take the pill as soon as she remembers it
Oral Contraception
A single injection of medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA or DepoProvera) given every 12 weeks inhibit ovulation, alter the endometrium and change the cervical mucus
Intramuscular Injection
Consists of six non-biodegradable silastic implants about the width of a pencil lead, embedded just under the skin on the inside of the upper arm
Subcutaneous/Hormonal Implants
Over the nest 5years, implants release the hormone suppressing ovulation and changing the endometrium so implantation is difficult
Subcutaneous/Hormonal Implants
No estrogen side effect
Subcutaneous/Hormonal Implants
• A small plastic object inserted into the uterus through the vagina during the menstrual period
• Instruct the client to comply with regular health care visits
• Instruct the client to comply with regular health care visits
• Instruct the woman to check the string before coitus
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
Side effects:
• Spotting or uterine cramping the first 2-3 weeks after insertion
• Higher than usual risk of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
• Higher risk of ectopic pregnancy
• Heavier than usual menstrual flow for 2-3 months
• Experience more dysmenorrhea than other woman
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
Are forms of birth control that work by the placement of chemical or other barrier between the cervix and advancing sperm so sperm cannot enter the uterus or fallopian tubes and fertilize the ovum
Barrier Method
A. Vaginally inserted Spermicidal
B. Diaphragm
C. Vaginal Ring
D. Male/Female Condom
Barrier Method
cause the death of spermatozoa before entering cervix
changes vaginal pH to acidic level
Vaginally inserted Spermicidal
A circular rubber disk that is placed over the cervix prior to intercourse
Diaphragm
New type of protection that consists of thin, flexible plastic ring about 2 inches across that contains a combination of estrogen and progestin.
Vaginal Ring
Inserted into vagina and left in place for 21 days, then removed for 7 days, then following menses a new ring is inserted
Vaginal Ring
The inner ring covers the cervix and the outer ring rests against the vaginal opening
Male/Female Condom
Latex rubber or synthetic sheath that is placed over that erect penis before coitus
Male/Female Condom
• Vasectomy
• Ligation
Surgical Method (includes sterilization)
a small incision is made in each side of scrotum
Vasectomy
Fallopian tubes are occluded by cautery, crushing, clamping or blocking the tubes and thereby preventing passage of both sperm and ova
Ligation
