Responding to Change Flashcards
What is a Stimulus?
Change in animals surroundings e.g. a ball is thrown towards you
What is a Receptor?
The organ which detects the change in surroundings e.g. the eye
What is an Effector
Muscles are effectors, they contract
What do receptors do?
They convert energy into nerve impulses e.g. the eye converts light into nerve impulses
What is the Central Nervous System?
Consists of the brain and spinal chord, controls moving or reflexes
What is the Peripheral Nervous System?
Contains all of the other nerves which send impulses to all the effectors
What are the 3 neurones?
Sensory neurones
Relay neurones
Motor neurones
What does the Sensory neurone do?
Takes nerve impulses to the brain or spinal chord
What does the Relay neurone do?
Takes nerve impulses through the Central Nervous System
What does the Motor neurone do?
Takes nerve impulses to the effectors (muscles)
What is the purpose of the Dentrite in the Motor Neurone cell?
Tree like projections which connect to different neurones
What is the purpose of the Axon in the Motor Neurone cell?
The long section - Electrical impulses travel long distances through the axon
What is the purpose of the Myelin Sheath in the Motor Neurone cell?
Insulates axon and speeds up transmission of the impulse
What are Reflexes?
Automated actions which do not involve the brain
What is a Reflex Arc?
The movement of impulse from receptor to effector
