Respitory Flashcards
Upper respiratory tract
Nasal cavity, oral passage, pharynx, larynx
Lower respiratory tract
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
Pharynx
The throat
Larynx
The voice box
Trachea
The windpipe
Bronchial tubes
Each bronchus enters one of the lungs and branches off
Alveoli
Air sacs where respiration occurs
Right lung lobes
3
Left lung lobes
2
Diaphragm
Controls inhalation and inspiration
When it contracts, the top moves inferiorly making the thoracic cavity larger
Boyles law
Pressure and volume are inversely related
Respiratory mechanics 1
Inhalation: flow of air into the lungs
Respiratory mechanics 2
Diaphragm contracts and moves downward
Respiratory mechanics 3
Thoracic cavity increases in volume and decreases in pressure
Respiratory mechanics 4
To equalize the pressure air flows into the lungs
Respiratory mechanics 5
Diaphragm relaxes, thoracic cavity becomes smaller (decreased volume)
Respiratory mechanics 6
Pressure within the cavity increases
Respiratory mechanics 7
Pushing air out of the lungs (exhalation) to equalize volume and pressure
Tidal volume (tv)
The amount of air that enters the lungs in a single inhalation or leaves in a single exhalation of relaxed breathing
Inspitory reserve volume (irv)
The air that can be forcibly inhaled after normal respiration has taken place
Expiratory reserve volume(erv)
The amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal respiration
Residual volume (rv)
The air remaining in the lungs after a forced exhalation
Inspiratory capacity (ic)
The volume of air inhaled after a normal exhale (irv+iv)
Functional residual capacity (frc)
The air that remains after a normal exhalation (erv+rv)
Vital capacity (vc)
Total volume of air that can be exhaled after max inhalation (tv+irv+erv)
Total lung capacity (tlc)
Total volume of air in the lungs (tv+irv+erv+rv)
Anaerobic exercise
Absence of o2, high intensity, short duration, develops force, burns calories even when boosts at rest
Aerobic exercises
Presence of o2
Moderate intensity, long duration, develops stamina, burns calories during activity
Asthma
A disease that causes construction of the bronchial tubes
Exercise induced asthma
Same as asthma but only during exercise
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes
Emphysema
Damage to the alveoli causing little to no gasses being exchanged
Tuberculosis (tb)
An infectious bacterial disease spread through the air that occurs in the lungs
Pneumonia
Infection that fills alveoli and air sacs with fluid
Pneumothorax
Collection of air in the pleural space
Hemothorax
Collection of blood in the pleural space
