Respitatory Sysyem Flashcards
The partition that divides the nasal cavity
Septum
The space and structures between the lungs
Mediastinum
The throat
Pharynx
A depression on the medial side of the lungs
Hilus
A region of the brain that contains a respiratory center
Medulla oblongata
The space between the vocal cords
Glottis
A subdivision of the trachea
Bronchus
A subdivision of the lung
Lobe
Bony projections in the nasal cavities
Conchae
A substance that prevents the alveoli from collapsing
Surfactant
The ease with which the lungs can be expanded
Compliance
A region of the brain that contains a respiratory control center
Pons
Exchange of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli
Ventilation
A structure that responds to changes in the composition of the blood
Chemoreceptor
A nasal discharge
Coryza
Incomplete expansion of the lung
Atelectasis
Another name for nosebleed
Epistaxis
A respiratory disease that destroys the alveoli
Emphysema
A bluish coloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen
Cyanosis
Define respiration
The process by which O2 is obtained from the environment and delivered to the cells
What controls the diaphragm
Phrenic nerve
List the 6 components of the respiratory system
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
What dose the nose/nasal cavity do
Filter, warms, and moistens air
Voice box
Larynx
Windpipe
Trachea
Throat
Pharynx
The amount of air that moves into or out of the lungs in a normal breath is called the
Tidal volume
Ordinarily we take in __ of air into our lungs
1 pt
Volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs by maximum inhalation
Vital capacity
Normal adult bpm
12-20 bpm
List three infections transmitted through the respiratory passageway
Common cold, influenza, chicken pox
What is the most important thing you can do to prevent lung cancer
Don’t smoke
What are the main functions of the respiratory system
Bring O2 from the environment into the body and remove co2 from the body
Movement of air in and out of the lungs
Ventilation
Process of gas exchange
Respiration
Gas exchange between air and blood
External respiration
Gas exchange between blood and cells
Internal respiration
Active
Inhalation
Passive
Exhalation
Rapid, deep, respiration
Hyperventilation
Inadequate air in the alveoli
Hypoventilation
Carries air into respiratory tract and carries food into digestive tract
Pharynx (throat)
Attached to the chest wall
Parietal pleura
Attached to the surface of the lung
Visceral pleura
Between layers
Pleural space
Volume of air remaining in lungs at the end of a normal expiration
Functional residual capacity
The amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal inspiration
Inspiration reserve volume
The amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal expiration
Expiratory reserve volume
The volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum expiration
Residual volume
The total volume of air that can be obtained in the lungs after maximum inhalation
Total lung capacity
Where a tube is passed through the vocal cords into the trachea
Intubation
A procedure where a permanent airway is placed in the anterior portion of the neck
Tracheostomy
The right lung as __ lobes
3
The left lung has__ lobes
2
Good/normal breathing
Eupnea
Pus in the chest cavity
Pyothorax
New opening into the trachea
Tracheostomy
Temporary cessation of breathing
Apnea
The bursting forth of blood from the nose
Rhinorrhalgia
A condition of difficulty in speaking
Dysphonia
Black lung; a lung condition caused by inhalation of coal dust and silica
Anthracosis
Inflammation of the voice box
Laryngitis
Space between the lungs
Mediastinum
Common cold
Upper respiratory infection
Notch or depression in the lung
Hilum
A small cavity in a bone of the skull
Sinus
COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
R
Respiration
SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome
URI
Upper respiratory infection
ARD
Acute respiratory disease
CXR
Chest X-ray
ENT
Ear nose throat
MBC
Maximal breathing capacity
RD
Respiratory disease
SOB
Shortness of breath
TB
Tuberculosis
TLC
Total Lung capacity
Collection of lymph tissue in the nasopharynx; also called pharyngeal tonsils
Adenoids
Air sacs where gas exchange occurs
Alveoli
Top of the lung
Apex
The process of taking substances in or out by means of suction
Aspiration
A disease of the bronchi characterized by wheezing, dyspnea, and a feeling of constriction in the chest
Asthma
Incomplete expansion of the lung
Atelectasis
Listening to sounds within the body
Auscultation
Smallest branches of the bronchi
Bronchioles
The gaseous waste product of cellular metabolism exhaled through lungs
Carbon dioxide
The common cold; characterized by sneezing nasal discharge and coughing
Coryza
A respiratory disease caused by a “barking” cough, dyspnea, hoarseness, and laryngeal spasm
Croup
Muscle separating the chest and abdomen
Diaphragm
A chronic pulmonary disease in which the bronchioles become obstructed with mucous
Emphysema
Lid like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx
Epiglottis
Nose bleed
Epistaxis
The space between the vocal cords
Glottis
An acute contagious respiratory infection cause by a virus. Onset is sudden, symptoms are fever, chills, headache, myalgia, cough, and sore throat
Influenza
Gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells
Oxygen
An acute infectious disease characterized by Coryza and a cough ending in a whooping sound also called whooping cough
Pertussis
Double folded membrane surrounding each lung
Pleura
Inflammation of the lung caused by bacteria, viruses, or chemical irritants
Pneumonia
Hay fever; nasal congestion of mucous membranes caused by an allergic reaction to pollen
Pollinosis
Abnormal crackling sounds heard during inspiration when there is fluid in alveoli
Rales
Material expelled from the chest by coughing
Sputum
An opening on a body surface
Stoma
An infectious disease caused by mycobacterium, TB- usually involving the lungs
Tuburculosis
Difficulty in breathing
Dyspnea
