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Respiratory Revision > Respiratory Tract Infection > Flashcards

Respiratory Tract Infection Flashcards

1
Q

What respiratory tract infections affect the lower respiratory tract?

A

Acute Bronchitis
Acute exacerbation of Chronic bronchitis
Pneumonia
Influenza

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2
Q

What are the signs of diphtheria?

A

Chartestic pseudo-membrane

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3
Q

What are features of acute bronchitis?

A 
Productive cough 
Fever 
Normal Chest examination
Normal CXR 
May have transient wheeze
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4
Q

What are the signs of an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis?

A 
Usually upper respiratory tract infection 
Purulent sputum production
Wheezy
Breathless 
Coarse crackles in chest
Ankle oedema - in advanced disease
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5
Q

How is an exacerbation of Bronchitis managed?

A

Antibiotics - amoxicillin/doxycycline
Short course of steroids
Refer to hospital if in respiratory failure

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6
Q

What is the incubation time of Rhinovirus?

A

1-5 days

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7
Q

What is the incubation time of Group A streptococci?

A

1-5 days

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8
Q

What is the incubation time of Influenza and Parainfluenza ?

A

1-4 days

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9
Q

What is the incubation time of RSV?

A

7 days

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10
Q

What is the incubation time of Pertussis?

A

7-21 days

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11
Q

What are symptoms of pneumonia?

A 
Malaise 
Anorexia 
Rigors - shakes 
Myalgia
Arthralgia 
Headache 
Pleurisy
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12
Q

What are severity markers for pneumonia?

A

Temperature < 35 or > 40
Caynosis PaO2 <4
Multi-lobar involvement

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13
Q

What bacterium causes acute epiglottis?

A

Haemophillus Influenzae

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14
Q

What virus can cause bronchiolitis?

A

RSV

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15
Q

What is are the symptoms of Influenza?

A 
Fever 
Malaise 
Myalgia
headache 
Cough 
Prostration
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16
Q

What causes “flu”?

A

Influenza A and B
Parainfluenza Virus
Haemphilus influenza

17
Q

What are the complications of flu?

A

Pneumonia
Bronchitis
Otis Media

18
Q

During pregnancy what may influenza indicate?

A

Perinatal mortality

19
Q

How is Influenza diagnosed?

A

PCR

Antibody detection

20
Q

How can flu be prevented?

A

Vaccination

Live Attenuated Vaccine - more effective than killed vaccine in children aged 2-17

21
Q

What are the atypical pneumonias?

A

Mycoplasma
Coxiella
Chlamydophila Psittaci

  • all respond to macrolides
22
Q

How are the atypical pneumonias diagnosed?

A

Serology

PCR

23
Q

What does Metapneumovirus cause?

A

Acute respiratory tract infection.

24
Q

What bacterium can cause infantile pneumonia?

A

Chlamydia tachomatis

25
Q

How is Chlamydria trachoma’s diagnosed?

A

Mother’s urine

Throat swab of children.

Respiratory Revision (27 decks)

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