Respiratory System Topic 14 Flashcards
What are the main functions of the respiratory system?
- Air movement
- Exchange of gases
What are the two subdivsions of the RS?
- Upper
- Lower
What are the parts of the upper part of the RS?
- Nose
- Nasal Cavity
- Pharynx
What are the parts of the lower RS?
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchial Tree
- Lungs
All parts of the RS has what similar characteristics?
- Lined with mucosa
- Epthelial tissue
How can the RS epithelial tissue be described?
Ciliated pseudostratified columanr epithelium
What is the scientific name for nostrils?
Nares
What is the nose supported by?
- Bone
- Hyaline Cartilage
What are the functions of the Nasal Cavity?
- Airway Passage (heat + moisten air)
- Olfaction
- Speech (resonance chamber)
What divides the nasal cavity?
The Nasal Septum
What is the anterior part of the nasal septum called?
Hyaline Cart
What is the posterior part of the nasal septum?
- Vomer
- Ethmoid
- Maxilae
- Palatine Bones
What are the 3 areas of the the nose?
- Vestibule
- Respiratory area
- olfactory area
Where is the vestibule and what is it lined with?
Anterior region and lined with coarse hairs
Where is the respiratory area located?
Posterior region
Where is the olfactory area located and what is it’s purpose?
- Roof of cavity
- Sense of smell
Where are the 8 air filled spaces in skull for the paranasal sinuses?
- Frontal
- Sphenoid
- Ethmoid
- Maxillae
What is the function of the paranasal sinuses?
- Warm moisten air
- Lighten skull
What is sinustits?
-Inflammation of mucous membrane
What are the 3 areas of the pharynx?
- Nasopharynx
- Oropharnynx
- Larygopharynx
What is the function of the nasopharynx?
-Air passage only
What tonsil does the naropharynx contain?
Pharyngeal tonsil
What’re are the two openings in the nasopharynx?
- 2 posterior nasal apertures
- 2 Eustachian tubes
Where is the oropharynx located?
posterior to oral cavity
What type of cells are in the oropharynx?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What tonsil does oropharynx contain?
Palatine tonsil
Lingual tonsil
What passes through the laryngopharynx?
air and food
Does the hyaline cartilage decrease or increase as the order increaes?
Decreases
What type of cells do most tubes have?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
What epithelium does the trachea contain?
Stratified Squamous
In the terminal branches what type of epithelium does it contain?
Simple cubodial
How many cavities does the right lung have?
3
Which lung has an indentation in it to make room for the heart?
Left
What is the pleural cavity filed with?
Serous Fluid
Where does the gas exchange happen?
Respiratory zone
What three cell types is the alveolus wall composed of?
- Simple Squamous
- Simple Cuboidal
- Macrophages
What is the function of the surfactant?
Move the water so you don’t have to work against the water tension
In a pulmonary embolism. What is the main issue?
- Clots in the veins
- air in the veins
What happens when you get stabbed in the lung?
- Lung collapse
- Air into the lungs
What is the difference with a lung affected by emphysema and a normal lung?
- alveolar walls break down
- fewer larger alveoli
