Respiratory system part 2

Question 1

or breathing, is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs

Answer 1

Ventilation

Question 2

2 phases of ventilation

Answer 2

Inspiration
Expiration

Question 3

Changes that regulate ventilation, which produce changes in air pressure within the lungs

Answer 3

Thoracic volume

Question 4

Changing thoracic volume includes

Answer 4

1. diaphragm
2. muscles that elevate the ribs
3. sternum
4. external coastals

Question 5

a set of muscles that is required for inhaling

Answer 5

muscle of inspiration

Question 6

Primary muscle associated with expiration

Answer 6

Intercoastals (depress the ribs and sternum)

Question 7

is the process of measuring volumes of air that move into and out of the respiratory system

Answer 7

Spirometry

Question 8

is the device that measures these respiratory volumes

Answer 8

Spirometer

Question 9

are measurement of amount of air movement during different portions of ventilation

Answer 9

Respiratory volume

Question 10

are sums of two or more respiratory volumes

Answer 10

Respiratory capacities

Question 11

is the volume of air inspired or expired with each breath

Answer 11

Tidal volume

Question 12

is the amount of air that can be inspired forcefully beyond the resting tidal volume

Answer 12

Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 13

is the amount of air that can be expired forcefully beyond the resting tidal volume

Answer 13

Expiratory reserve volume

Question 14

is the volume of air still remaining in the respiratory passages and lungs after maximum expiration

Answer 14

Residual volme

Question 15

is the expiratory reserve volume plus the residual volume. This is the amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration

Answer 15

Functional residual capacity

Question 16

is the tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 16

Inspiratory capacity

Question 17

is the sum of inspiratory reserve volume, the tidal volume and the expiratory reserve volume

Answer 17

Vital capacity

Question 18

is the sum of the inspiratory and expiratory reserves and the tidal and residual volumes

Answer 18

Total lung capacity

Question 19

Factors that influences exchange of gases across respiratory membrane

Answer 19

1. Thickness of the membrane
2. Total surface area of the respiratory membrane
3. Partial pressure of gases across membrane

Question 20

Thickness increases during certain respiratory diseases

Answer 20

Respiratory membrane thickness

Question 21

Total surface area of the respiratory membrane is about 70sqm in normal adult

Answer 21

Surface area

Question 22

Pressure exerted by a specific gas in a mixture of gases, such as air

Answer 22

Partial pressure

Question 23

O2 diffuses from alveoli into the pulmonary capillaries because the Po2 in the alveoli is higher/ greater than in the pulmonary capillaries

Answer 23

Movement of gases in the lungs

Question 24

After O2 diffuses through the respiratory membrane into the blood about 98.5% of the O2 is transported in the blood and combines with iron-containing heme groups of hemoglobin

Answer 24

O2 transport

Question 25

CO2 enters the blood, it is transported in 3 ways;

Answer 25

1. About 7% is transported as CO2 dissolved in plasma
2. 23% is transported bound to blood proteins, primarily hemoglobin
3. 70% is transported in the form of bicarbonate ions

Question 26

About __ is transported as CO2 dissolved in plasma

Answer 26

7%

Question 27

__ is transported bound to blood proteins, primarily hemoglobin

Answer 27

23%

Question 28

__ is transported in the form of bicarbonate ions

Answer 28

70%

Question 29

CO2 reacts with water forming

Answer 29

Carbonic acid (H2CO3)

Question 30

Carbonic acid will dissociate to form __ and ___

Answer 30

H+ and bicarbonate ions

Question 31

is located inside the RBC and on the surface of capillary epithelial cells

Answer 31

Carbonic anyhydrase

Question 32

Location of neurons involve in respiration

Answer 32

Located in the brainstem

Question 33

Medullary respiratory is consists of..

Answer 33

2 dorsal respiratory
2 ventral respiratory group