respiratory system- LO2

Question 1

what is diffusion?

Answer 1

the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 2

what are 3 main structures of alveoli?

Answer 2

• walls are moist for gas exchange
• large surface area for more gas exchange
• thin layerss of cells form the wall for a short diffusion distance

Question 3

what happens during inspiration?

Answer 3

• rib cage moves up and out
• diaphragm contracts and moves down.
• pressure in lungs decreases and air is pulled in

Question 4

what happens during expiration?

Answer 4

• rib cage moves down and in
• diaphragm relaxes and moves up
• pressure in lungs increases and air is pushed out

Question 5

what is the process of gaseous exchange?

Answer 5

1.) high conc of o2 in the alveoli diffuses across semi permeable membrane to the capillaries (low conc of o2).
2.) then travels to the rest of the body and working muscles.
3.) high conc of co2 in the capillaries will diffuse into alveoli (low conc of co2)
4.) co2 is then exhaled through the respiratory system.

Question 6

what is the function of the epiglottis?

Answer 6

Allows air to pass into the larynx and lungs
it also prevents food and drinks from falling down the airway

Question 7

what is the function of the larynx?

Answer 7

to protect the lower respiratory system from aspirating food into the trachea while breathing
it is also your vocal/voice box

Question 8

what is the function of the trachea?

Answer 8

carries air in and out of your lungs

Question 9

what is the function of the oesophagus?

Answer 9

allows for the passage of materials from the mouth and throat to the stomach

Question 10

what is the function of the bronchi?

Answer 10

carries air to and from your lungs and it helps moisturise and filter the air you breathe in

Question 11

what is the function of the bronchioles?

Answer 11

delivers air to a diffuse network of around 300 million alveoli in the lungs

Question 12

what is the function of the alveoli?

Answer 12

pciks up oxygen you breathe in and releases the carbon dioxide you exhale

Question 13

what is the funtion of the intercostal muscles?

Answer 13

helps form and move the chest wall
it also helps expand and shrink the size of your chest cavity when your breathing

Question 14

what is the function of the diaphragm?

Answer 14

it contracts continually as you breathe in and out

Question 15

what is the function of the pleural membrane?

Answer 15

it provides mechanical protection and a smooth, lubricating elastic surface for the lungs to move during breathing

Question 16

what is aerobic respiration?

Answer 16

respiration that takes place with oxygen present. it is the release of a relatively large amount of energy in cells by the breakdown of food substances in the presence of oxygen.

Question 17

what is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 17

glucose + oxygen= energy + carbon dioxide + water

Question 18

how many ATP molecules are produced in aerobic respiration?

Answer 18

32

Question 19

what are examples of when aerobic respiration is used?

Answer 19

• long distance running
• rowing
• swimming

Question 20

what is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 20

it is when not enough oxygen can reach your muscle cells, during hard exercise but it is not needed.
it produces less energy than aerobic.
lactic acid builds up in the muscles causing pain and tiredness leading to cramps.

Question 21

how many ATPs are produced during anaerobic respiration?

Answer 21

2

Question 22

what is the equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 22

glucose = energy + lactic acid

Question 23

what are examples of where anaerobic respiration is used?

Answer 23

• short distance sprints
• weight lifting