Respiratory System During Exercise Flashcards
What does the sternocleidomastoid and pectoralis minor do during inspiration during exercise?
They lift the rib cage which lifts the sternum and increases volume in thoracic cavity
What happens to inspiration during recovery?
There is less reliance on the sternocleidomastoid and pectoralis minor due to recovery rates decreasing
What do the internal intercostal muscles do during expiration during exercise?
They lower the ribs and bring them inwards which decreases volume of the thoracic cavity
What does the rectus abdominis do during expiration during exercise?
It contracts an increases the pressure of the abdominal cavity which raises the diaphragm decreasing the volume in the thoracic cavity
What is the effect of decreased volume in the thoracic cavity during expiration?
Increased pressure in the thoracic cavity which pushes the air out of the lungs
What centres is breathing regulated in the medulla oblongata?
The respiratory control centre:
- Inspiratory control centre
- Expiratory control centre
What is the role of chemoreceptors?
Detect changes in blood PH due to an increase in CO2 in the blood.
It can stimulate SA node/ICC, or inhibit SA node/ICC, to increase heart rate/breathing frequency
What is the role of thermoreceptors?
Detect changes in temperature.
Too high or low, increase heart rate by stimulating sympathetic nervous system. To return to baseline levels, there is stimulation of parasympathetic nervous system
What is the role of proprioreceptors?
Detect changes in skeletal muscular activity.
More activity, increase HR.
Less activity, decrease HR.
What is the role of baroreceptors?
Detect changes in blood pressure.
Too high, decrease heart rate.
Too low, increase heart rate.
What are the neural control receptors?
Thermoreceptors
Proprioreceptors
Baroreceptors
How does gaseous exchange change during exercise?
gaseous exchange increases with exercise as a result of the pressure gradient between alveoli and blood increasing
How does the dissociation of oxyhemoglobin change as exercise increases?
As partial pressure of oxygen increases, haemoglobin becomes more full and less O2 is able to bind to haemoglobin
What is the ‘Bohr Shift’ in a dissociation of oxyhemoglobin graph?
An increase in blood acidity means less O2 can bind to haemoglobin
What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
Stimulates the SA node
