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Advanced Techniques > Respiratory System Disorders (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Respiratory System Disorders (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

The exchange of gas that occurs at the alveolar capillary membrane between atmospheric air and the pulmonary capillaries.

A

External Respiration

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2
Q

Takes place at the tissue capillary level between tissues and the surrounding capillaries.

A

Internal Respiration

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3
Q

Air flows from a ____ pressure to a ____ pressure.

A

Higher, Lower

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4
Q

Right before inspiration, the air pressure inside the lungs is the _____ as the atmosphere.

A

Same (760mm Hg)

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5
Q

For inspiration to occur, the thoracic cavity must _____ its air pressure. It can do this by ___ its volume.

A

Decrease, Increase

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6
Q

Two ways of changing thoracic volume.

A

Move the ribs and lower the diaphragm.

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7
Q

Diaphragm and external intercostals are the prime movers.

A

Quiet Inspiration

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8
Q

Muscle that pull the ribs up are also called into action.

A

Deep Inspiration

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9
Q

Muscles that stabilize, elevate the shoulder girdle, and/or elevate the ribs.

A

Forced Inspriation

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10
Q

Passive process.

A

Quiet Expiration

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11
Q

Brings in muscles that can pull down on the rib and muscles that can compress the abdomen forcing the diaphragm upward.

A

Forced Expiration

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12
Q

Assist the diaphragm and external intercostals in pulling up on the rib cage. Pull form origin towards insertion.

A

Accessory Muscles

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13
Q

Can pull on the sternum to elevate the ribs?

A

SCM

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14
Q

Can pull on the sternum increasing the diameter of the rib cage?

A

Pectoralis Major

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15
Q

Can elevate the 1st and 2nd ribs?

A

Scalenes

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16
Q

Can depress the ribs?

A

Rectus abdominis and quadratus lumborum.

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17
Q

The amount of air inspired and expired during normal resting ventilation is?

A

Tidal Volume (TV)

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18
Q

The amount of air that can be inspired but is usually kept in reserve?

A

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

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19
Q

The air that can be inhaled after the tidal breath already occupies the lungs.

A

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

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20
Q

The quantity of air that can potentially be exhaled beyond the end of tidal exhalation?

A

Expiratory Reserve Volume

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21
Q

Lungs are not completely emptied of air even after maximally exhaling the ERV.

A

Residual Volume

22
Q

The same of 2 or more volumes is a ____.

A

Capacity

23
Q

Tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume.

A

Inspiratory Capacity

24
Q

Volume of air that can be inspired from beginning from a tidal exhalation.

A

Inspiratory Capacity

25
Q

The combination of residual volume and expiratory reserve volume.

A

Functional Residual Capacity

26
Q

Volume of air that remains in the lungs at the end of tidal exhalation.

A

Functional Residual Capacity

27
Q

The total volume of air within the lungs that is under volitional control.

A

Vital Capacity

28
Q

The sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume.

A

Vital Capacity

29
Q

All volumes together equal total lung capacity.

A

Total Lung Capacity

30
Q

Measure the volume of gas moved in a period of time.

A

Flow rate

31
Q

Measurements of exhaled gas volume divided by the amount of time required for the volume to be exhaled.

A

Expiratory Flow Rate

32
Q

Forced Expiratory Volume is ____ second.

A

1

33
Q

This rate is thought to reflect the status of the airways of the lungs.

A

Forced Expiratory Volume

34
Q

Changes of PaCO2 directly affect the balance of ____ in the body.

A

PH

35
Q

Normal values of pH

A

7.35-7.45

36
Q

Normal PaCO2

A

35-45 mm Hg

37
Q

Normal PaO2

A

80-100 mm Hg

38
Q

Normal SAO2

A

95-98%

39
Q

Low level of O2 in the arterial blood.

A

Hypoxemia

40
Q

Low level of O2 in the tissue despite adequate perfusion of the tissue.

A

Hypoxia

41
Q

Reflects the greatest static inspiratory effort that can be generated from residual volume.

A

Maximum Inspiratory Pressure

42
Q

Conditions which obstruct the flow of air in the conducting airways of the lower respiratory tract and after ventilation and gas exchange.

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

43
Q

Conditions typically classified as COPD.

A

Emphysema, Chronic Bronchitis, and Peripheral Airway Disease.

44
Q

Disease caused by destruction of the elastic tissue of the lung causing decrease in elastic recoil of the lungs.

A

Emphysema

45
Q

Results in the trapping of excess air in the lungs.

A

Emphysema

46
Q

Pink Puffers, Barrel Chest, Accessory Muscles, Dyspnea, No Sputum or Cough. Lung Volume Increased.

A

Emphysema

47
Q

Productive cough for 2 months per 2 years.

A

Chronic Bronchitis

48
Q

Blue Boater, Productive Cough, Dyspnea, Hyperinlation of Lungs, Decrease oxygenation of arterial blood.

A

Chronic Bronchitis

49
Q

Acute, reversible, inflammatory obstructive condition afftecting both adults and children.

A

Asthma

50
Q

Hereditary, autosomal recessive trait located on chromosome 7. Usually diagnosed in childhood.

A

Cystic Fibrosis

51
Q

Most common restrictive lung disease.

A

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)

Advanced Techniques (11 decks)

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