Respiratory System Disorders (Exam 1)

Question 1

The exchange of gas that occurs at the alveolar capillary membrane between atmospheric air and the pulmonary capillaries.

Answer 1

External Respiration

Question 2

Takes place at the tissue capillary level between tissues and the surrounding capillaries.

Answer 2

Internal Respiration

Question 3

Air flows from a ____ pressure to a ____ pressure.

Answer 3

Higher, Lower

Question 4

Right before inspiration, the air pressure inside the lungs is the _____ as the atmosphere.

Answer 4

Same (760mm Hg)

Question 5

For inspiration to occur, the thoracic cavity must _____ its air pressure. It can do this by ___ its volume.

Answer 5

Decrease, Increase

Question 6

Two ways of changing thoracic volume.

Answer 6

Move the ribs and lower the diaphragm.

Question 7

Diaphragm and external intercostals are the prime movers.

Answer 7

Quiet Inspiration

Question 8

Muscle that pull the ribs up are also called into action.

Answer 8

Deep Inspiration

Question 9

Muscles that stabilize, elevate the shoulder girdle, and/or elevate the ribs.

Answer 9

Forced Inspriation

Question 10

Passive process.

Answer 10

Quiet Expiration

Question 11

Brings in muscles that can pull down on the rib and muscles that can compress the abdomen forcing the diaphragm upward.

Answer 11

Forced Expiration

Question 12

Assist the diaphragm and external intercostals in pulling up on the rib cage. Pull form origin towards insertion.

Answer 12

Accessory Muscles

Question 13

Can pull on the sternum to elevate the ribs?

Answer 13

SCM

Question 14

Can pull on the sternum increasing the diameter of the rib cage?

Answer 14

Pectoralis Major

Question 15

Can elevate the 1st and 2nd ribs?

Answer 15

Scalenes

Question 16

Can depress the ribs?

Answer 16

Rectus abdominis and quadratus lumborum.

Question 17

The amount of air inspired and expired during normal resting ventilation is?

Answer 17

Tidal Volume (TV)

Question 18

The amount of air that can be inspired but is usually kept in reserve?

Answer 18

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Question 19

The air that can be inhaled after the tidal breath already occupies the lungs.

Answer 19

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Question 20

The quantity of air that can potentially be exhaled beyond the end of tidal exhalation?

Answer 20

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Question 21

Lungs are not completely emptied of air even after maximally exhaling the ERV.

Answer 21

Residual Volume

Question 22

The same of 2 or more volumes is a ____.

Answer 22

Capacity

Question 23

Tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume.

Answer 23

Inspiratory Capacity

Question 24

Volume of air that can be inspired from beginning from a tidal exhalation.

Answer 24

Inspiratory Capacity

Question 25

The combination of residual volume and expiratory reserve volume.

Answer 25

Functional Residual Capacity

Question 26

Volume of air that remains in the lungs at the end of tidal exhalation.

Answer 26

Functional Residual Capacity

Question 27

The total volume of air within the lungs that is under volitional control.

Answer 27

Vital Capacity

Question 28

The sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume.

Answer 28

Vital Capacity

Question 29

All volumes together equal total lung capacity.

Answer 29

Total Lung Capacity

Question 30

Measure the volume of gas moved in a period of time.

Answer 30

Flow rate

Question 31

Measurements of exhaled gas volume divided by the amount of time required for the volume to be exhaled.

Answer 31

Expiratory Flow Rate

Question 32

Forced Expiratory Volume is ____ second.

Answer 32

1

Question 33

This rate is thought to reflect the status of the airways of the lungs.

Answer 33

Forced Expiratory Volume

Question 34

Changes of PaCO2 directly affect the balance of ____ in the body.

Answer 34

PH

Question 35

Normal values of pH

Answer 35

7.35-7.45

Question 36

Normal PaCO2

Answer 36

35-45 mm Hg

Question 37

Normal PaO2

Answer 37

80-100 mm Hg

Question 38

Normal SAO2

Answer 38

95-98%

Question 39

Low level of O2 in the arterial blood.

Answer 39

Hypoxemia

Question 40

Low level of O2 in the tissue despite adequate perfusion of the tissue.

Answer 40

Hypoxia

Question 41

Reflects the greatest static inspiratory effort that can be generated from residual volume.

Answer 41

Maximum Inspiratory Pressure

Question 42

Conditions which obstruct the flow of air in the conducting airways of the lower respiratory tract and after ventilation and gas exchange.

Answer 42

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Question 43

Conditions typically classified as COPD.

Answer 43

Emphysema, Chronic Bronchitis, and Peripheral Airway Disease.

Question 44

Disease caused by destruction of the elastic tissue of the lung causing decrease in elastic recoil of the lungs.

Answer 44

Emphysema

Question 45

Results in the trapping of excess air in the lungs.

Answer 45

Emphysema

Question 46

Pink Puffers, Barrel Chest, Accessory Muscles, Dyspnea, No Sputum or Cough. Lung Volume Increased.

Answer 46

Emphysema

Question 47

Productive cough for 2 months per 2 years.

Answer 47

Chronic Bronchitis

Question 48

Blue Boater, Productive Cough, Dyspnea, Hyperinlation of Lungs, Decrease oxygenation of arterial blood.

Answer 48

Chronic Bronchitis

Question 49

Acute, reversible, inflammatory obstructive condition afftecting both adults and children.

Answer 49

Asthma

Question 50

Hereditary, autosomal recessive trait located on chromosome 7. Usually diagnosed in childhood.

Answer 50

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 51

Most common restrictive lung disease.

Answer 51

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)