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Advanced Techniques > Orthotic Devices (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Orthotic Devices (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

An external appliance worn to restrict or assist motion or to transfer load from one area to another. Synonymous with brace.

A

Orthosis

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2
Q

A ____ is an orthosis intended for temporary use.

A

Splint

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3
Q

Designs, fabricates, and fits orthoses for the limb and trunk.

A

Orthotist

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4
Q

Designs, fabricates, and fits, orthoses for only shoe and foot orthoses.

A

Pedorothist

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5
Q

Body segment alignment, joint motion, relief of distal weight bearing forces, protection.

A

Basic Goals of Orthoses

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6
Q

May be an insert placed in the shoe, an internal modification inside a shoe, or an external modification attached to the sole or heel of the shoe.

A

Foot Orthoses

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7
Q

Enhance function by relieving pain, transfer weight bearing, protect painful areas, correct alignment, accommodating a fixed deformity, equalizing leg lengths.

A

Functions of Foot Orthoses

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8
Q

The closer the modification to the foot, the more effective it is. Most inserts can be moved from shoe to shoe.

A

Inserts

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9
Q

Plantar fasciitis, achilles tendinitis, posterior tibial tendinitis, sinus tarsi, tarsal tunnel syndromes, metatarsalgia, PFPS can occur due to excessive ______.

A

Pronation

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10
Q

______ touches the floor during pronation.

A

Navicular

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11
Q

Has concave area for relief to reduce pressure.

A

Heel spur insert orthosis.

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12
Q

Used for leg length discrepancy. Plantar flexion contracture, decrease stress to the achilles tendon.

A

Heel lifts

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13
Q

Intended to prevent depression of the subtlar joint and flattening of the arch. Wedge post to alter foot alignment.

A

Longitudinal Arch Supports

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14
Q

Positioned at the medial border of the insole. Provide additional medial arch support.

A

Scaphoid Pads

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15
Q

A convexity incorporated in an insert or glued to the inner sole so its apex is under the metatarsal shafts. Transfers stress from the metatarsal heads to the metatarsal shafts.

A

Metatarsal Pads

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16
Q

Rigid plastic contact design. Hind foot/mid foot correction. Used mostly for flexible flat foot. University of California Biomechanics Laboratory (UCBL).

A

UCBL Insert

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17
Q

While the foot is flat when weight-bearing, the arch returns when not weight bearing. Typically beings in childhood or adolescence and continues into adulthood. Progresses in severity throughout the adult years.

A

Flexible

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18
Q

Will erode as the patient walks. Patient is limited to wearing modified shoes. Get replaced often.

A

External Modifications

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19
Q

Alters alignment of the calcaneus.

A

Heel Wedge

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20
Q

Can aid in realigning flexible pes valgus, accommodate rigid pes varus.

A

Medial Heel Wedge

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21
Q

Fixed forefoot valgus, allowing the entire front of the foot to contract the floor.

A

Lateral Heel Wedge

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22
Q

Heels inward. Pronation

A

Pes Valgus (Rearfoot)

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23
Q

Heels outward. Supination

A

Pes Varus (Rearfoot)

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24
Q

Flat strip of leather or other firm material placed posterior to the metatarsal heads. Transfers stress from the MTP joints to the metatarsal shafts.

A

Metatarsal Bar

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25
Q

Is a convex strip affixed to the sole proximal to the metatarsal heads. Reduces the distance the wearer must travel. Shifting loads from the MTP joints to the metatarsal shafts.

A

Rocker Bar

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26
Q

More than 1/2 inch ( 1 cm) will walk better with a shoe lift made of cork or lightweight plastic. Approximately 3/8 inch of the elevation can be accommodated inside a low-quarter shoe at the heel.

A

Leg Length Discrepancy

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27
Q

Low profile design that crosses the ankle. Less invasive trim lines than a standard AFO.

A

Supra Malleolar Orthosis

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28
Q

Increase stability. Used for post-polio, neuropathic feet.

A

Metal Bars

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29
Q

Provide sleek, intimate fit with total contact to provide better control. Higher patient acceptance. May be hotter than other types.

A

Total Contact AFO’s.

30
Q

Uses floor reaction force through toe aspect of foot plate to prevent forward tibial progression and subsequent knee collapses. May be articulated.

A

Floor Reaction AFO

31
Q

Weight bearing or total surface bearing, TSB to unweight the ankle foot using prosthetic principles.

A

Patellar Tendon Bearing (PTB)

32
Q

Ankle immobilization is desired. Distal tibia/fibula fracture, foot bone fracture, tendenocalcaneus rupture, or diabetic foot.

A

Immobilizing AFO

33
Q

Progressive increases or decreases in sagittal plane ROM and control. An articulating option may be available in many designs of AFO’s.

A

Articulated or Non-Articulated AFO

34
Q

Preventative. As short lever arms may not be sufficient to diminish realistic damaging forces. Proprioceptive is thought to play a role.

A

Athletic KO

35
Q

Usually for short term use. Difficult to transfer with. Doesn’t allow knee hyperextension.

A

Non-articulated KO

36
Q

Offers limited control of the knee. Restricts gross motion.

A

Off-the-Shelf KO

37
Q

Indicated when lesser devices are biomechanically insufficient. Combines KO and AFO.

A

Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis (KAFO)

38
Q

Accommodates volume fluctuation. Several lock options. May incorporate hyperextension stops. Various knee joints are available.

A

Single/Double Bar KAFO

39
Q

More customizable. Better laid distribution.

A

Total Contact KAFO

40
Q

Ischial containment or quadrilateral style brims with high trimlines. Generally used with paralytic limbs. Not as effective with larger or obese individuals.

A

Ischial Weight Bearing (unweighting) KAFO

41
Q

Very restrictive and laborious to swing-to or though in gait. Causing high rejection rates. Includes RGO, total contact, leather and metal upright, postural and others.

A

Hip Knee Ankle Foot Orthoses

42
Q

Commonly used in cases of spina bifida and spinal cord injury. Combines flexion of one hip with extension of the opposite hip. The flexion power of one hip is utilized to extend the opposite hip.

A

Reciprocating Gait Orthosis (RGO)

43
Q

Hip abduction orthosis. Standing walking, sitting orthosis (SWASH). Some orthoses can intervene at the hip without crossing the hip.

A

Hip Orthosis (HO)

44
Q

Commonly used post-operatively to position the femoral head optimally within the acetabulum.

A

Hip Abduction Orthosis

45
Q

Standing Walking And Sitting Hip Orthosis

A

SWASH

46
Q

Maintains femoral abduction in standing, walking, and sitting. Usually for kids.

A

SWASH

47
Q

Opponens Orthosis. Maintain, assist or provide opposition by stabilizing the thumb in functional position.

A

Hand Orthosis (HO)

48
Q

Commonly referred to as a “resting hand splint.” Commonly used to prevent contractures. Maintains neutral/static wrist, hand, and finger.

A

Wrist Hand Orthosis (WHO)

49
Q

Commonly referred to as a “cock-up splint”. Commonly used in cases of carpal tunnel syndrome. Maintains wrist in slight extension.

A

Wrist Hand Orthosis (WHO)

50
Q

Commonly used with fractures or mild to moderate soft tissue sprains/strains of the distal forearm, wrist and proximal hand. Maintains wrist in a neutral position.

A

Wrist Hand Orthosis (WHO)

51
Q

Commonly referred to as a “tenodesis orthosis”. Commonly used in cases of cervical spinal cord injury that result in paralysis of prehension. Creates approximation of the 2nd or 3rd digits and the thumb with active extension of the wrist.

A

Wrist Hand Orthosis (WHO)

52
Q

Radial Nerve. Decrease activation extensor muscle extensor carpi radials brevis (ECRB).

A

Lateral Epicondylitis Brace

53
Q

Commonly used for minor injuries, compression, sprains, and strains.

A

Elbow Sleeve

54
Q

Prevention of contractures, fractures, and immobilization. Wrist or wrist/hand component. Elbow joints may be static or dynamic.

A

Elbow Orthosis

55
Q

“Shoulder Sling”. Shoulder immobilization.

A

Shoulder Orthosis

56
Q

Shoulder Abduction Orthosis. “Airplane Splint”. Maintains abduction at the glenohumeral joint.

A

Shoulder Orthosis

57
Q

Soft cervical collar. Commonly used for mild soft tissue strains and sprains. Kinesthetic reminder to limit motion.

A

Cervical Orthosis (CO)

58
Q

Stable fractures and moderate to severe soft tissue damage. Limits flexion and extension. Greater control of all cervical levels.

A

Cervical Orthosis

59
Q

Stable fratures and severe soft tissue damage. Limits all motion. Greater control of all cervical levels.

A

Cervical Orthosis

60
Q

Unstable fractures. Limits all motion. Greater control of all cervical levels. Screws directly into the skull.

A

Rigid Frame Design “Halo”

61
Q

30-50 degrees Orthotic Intervention.

A

Scoliosis Curve

62
Q

Uses three point pressure and kinesthetic reminder. Worn 23 hours/day.

A

CTLSO Traditional Method of Scoliosis Treatment

63
Q

Low profile TLSO for scoliosis. Worn 23 hours/day.

A

TLSO

64
Q

Worn when sleeping only. Can’t reverse curve, just stops the curve.

A

TLSO

65
Q

Increases intra-abdominal pressure. Limits ROM. Commonly used for HNP, and moderate soft tissue strains, sprains, and fractures. “Body Jacket”. Turtle Shell

A

TLSO Semi Rigid Design

66
Q

Anterior compression fractures of the vertebral body. Commonly used for osteoporosis, trauma.

A

TLSO

67
Q

Soft design. “Mother’s Hug”. Commonly used for osteoporosis, trauma. Severe kyphosis.

A

TLSO

68
Q

Commonly used for osteoporosis, trauma, DDD. Limits flexion. Holds in extension.

A

TLSO “CASH”

69
Q

Commonly regard to as a “chair back”. Restricts trunk extension and lateral motion. Commonly used for HNP, and other mild to moderate soft tissue strains and sprains.

A

Lumbosacaral Orthosis (LSO) “KNIGHT”

70
Q

Increase intra-abdominal pressure. Limits ROM. Commonly used for HNPs, and moderate soft tissue strains and sprains. Body jacket lower body.

A

Boston Overlap Orthosis “BOSTON”

Advanced Techniques (11 decks)

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