Respiratory System

Question 1

What are the primary functions of ventilation?

Answer 1

To oxygenate hemob’obin of RBCs for production of energy

To release carbon dioxide from the blood

Maintain homeostasis

Maintain temperature

Question 2

Hypoxemia

Answer 2

Decreased concentration of oxygen in the blood

Question 3

Hypercapnia

Answer 3

Increased concentration of carbon dioxide

Question 4

What are the 2 stimuli to breathe

Answer 4

An increase of carbon dioxide in the body(hypercapnia) most often

Or decrease in concentration of oxygen in the blood (hypoxemia)

Question 5

What are things to observe in the general survey of respiratory system?

Answer 5

Level of consciousness
Posture
Anxiousness

Question 6

What are things to consider in the health interview related to the respiratory system?

Answer 6

Age(affects respiratory system)
Reason for seeking care 
Recurrent respiratory infections
Chronic diseases in pt and family
Most recent screening of lungs and for TB 
Do they smoke
Are they exposed to lung irritants?

Question 7

What are the 4 areas of the physical assessment?

Answer 7

Inspection
Palpation
Auscultation
Percussion

Question 8

What are you inspecting in the pt posture?

Answer 8

How they sit: maybe they are in a position that is less painful

Kyphosis

Question 9

What are you observing when inspecting the breathing

Answer 9

If the breathing is symmetrical

How much effort

Use of accessory muscles?

Audible sounds?

Rhythm, rate, effort and deprh

Question 10

What are you inspecting in the nails?

Answer 10

Colour
Schamaroff test(little diamond)
Profile (is there clubbing?

Question 11

What to inspect when looking at thorax?

Answer 11

Is it symmetrical
Shoulders should fall and rise at the same time
Look at shape of thorax

Question 12

What are you palpating for during respiratory system?

Answer 12

Temperature
Muscle tone
Tenderness
Growths
Trachea
Thorax

Question 13

What is tactile fermitus?

Answer 13

Feeling the vibrations on the chest wall while the patient is talking

Question 14

what does it mean when the patient has a decreased tactile fermitus?

Answer 14

low voice, thick wall

Question 15

What does it mean if your patient has an increased tactile fermitus?

Answer 15

There is fluid in the lung

Question 16

what is the purpose of auscultating the chest?

Answer 16

to hear chest sounds, to make sure that air if getting into the lungs. We don’t want to hear abnormal sounds

Question 17

What are adventitious sounds?

Answer 17

abnormal sounds that are heard in the chest or airways

Question 18

what do we document when the patient’s lung sounds are normal?

Answer 18

“Good bilateral A/E with no adventitia noted”

Question 19

What are the 3 normal breath sounds?

Answer 19

1. Tracheal/bronchial
2. Bronchovesicular
3. Vesicular

Question 20

What normal sound is found at the trachea?

Answer 20

Tracheal/Bronchial

Question 21

What normal sound is found at both sides of the sternal border?

Answer 21

Bronchovesicular

Question 22

What sounds are found at sides of the lungs?

Answer 22

vesicular

Question 23

What are the 4 adventitious sounds?

Answer 23

1. Crackles
2. Wheezes
3. Rhonchi
4. Stridor

Question 24

What adventitious sound indicates presence of fluid?

Answer 24

crackles

Question 25

What adventitious sound indicates the narrowing or obstructed airways?

Answer 25

wheezing

Question 26

What do Rhochi sounds indicate?

Answer 26

fluid block airway

Question 27

What do stridor sounds indicate?

Answer 27

obstructed upper airway. audible without stethoscope