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VMT Block 2 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the respiratory system

A

To supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body and to exhale carbon dioxide

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2
Q

Nares

A

Nostrils

External openings to the airways

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3
Q

Nasal passage

A

Channel of air flow through the nose

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4
Q

Pharynx

A

Goes from base of skull to esophagus

3 parts

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5
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Opening into the back of the nasochambers

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6
Q

Oropharynx

A

Opening into the back of the mouth

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7
Q

Laryngopharynx

A

Opening into the larynx/esophagus

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8
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box
Located below pharynx and before the trachea
Serves as passageway for air
Prevents food/water from going into airway via epiglottis
Contains vocal cords for sounds
When air moves over cords & muscles contract to move cords
Regulates airflow to lungs

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9
Q

Epiglottis

A

Lid like structure

Prevents food and water from going into airway while swallowing

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10
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe
Stretches from larynx to bronchi
Rigid tube to prevent collapse during breathing
Also traps debris, can cough out (protect lungs)

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11
Q

Bronchi

A

Enters lungs on either side - they are small airways
Primary bronchi turn into secondary bronchi which are smaller
Connected to trachea
Also rigid and trap debris

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12
Q

Bronchioles

A

Formed after bronchi and they keep forming into smaller bronchioles

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13
Q

Alveoli

A

Allow for gaseous exchange

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14
Q

Pleura

A

Serous membranes containing lungs, lining thoracic cavity

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15
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A 
Lined with serous membrane 
Allows lubrication during respiration 
Right/Left pleural cavity 
Mediastinum is between pleural cavities 
Surrounded by bones 
Separated from abdomen by diaphragm
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16
Q

Mediastinum

A 
Bronchi 
Trachea 
Heart 
Thymus 
Esophagus 
Nerves 
Arteries 
Veins
17
Q

Diaphragm

A

Separates abdominal and thoracic cavity
Chief muscle of respiration
Inspiration- diaphragm contracts, flattens, lowers which increases capacity of thoracic cavity
Expiration- relaxes and returns to original state

18
Q

What happens in a cycle of respiration?

A

Blood picks up oxygen from lungs (inspiration-inhalation) and gets rid of excess carbon dioxide (expiration-exhalation)

19
Q

What are the 2 best ways to examine the respiratory system?

A

Auscultation- Using a stethoscope to listen to the sound of the lungs
Radiography - Taking an X-Ray

20
Q

Where does an endotracheal tube sit?

A

Oral cavity into pharynx through larynx into trachea

21
Q

Endoscopy

A

Device used to look inside the body

22
Q

Laryngoscope

A

A device used to examine the larynx

23
Q

Intubation

A

Placement of a flexible plastic tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway or to serve as a conduit to administer certain drugs.

24
Q

What is the chief muscle of respiration

A

The diaphragm

25
Q

What are the two root words that refer to nose

A

Rhino
Nasal
Rhinitis
Naso-lacrimal duct

26
Q

Why can’t horses and rabbits vomit

A

Due to strength of esophageal sphincter

Can’t do reverse peristalsis (wave like motions in intestines)

27
Q

Lungs

A

Where gas exchange occur
Bronchi turn into smaller tubes (bronchioles)
Eventually reach alveoli

28
Q

What do macrophages do in the lungs

A

WBC ingest debris , gas exchange occurs

29
Q

What kind of pressure does the thoracic cavity have

A

Negative pressure which is normally maintained in the chest
This allows lungs to expand against chest which prevents them from collapsing
Does change… -8 inspiration…. -4 expiration to allow lung movement

30
Q

Inhalation

A

Diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, which expands chest and lowers pressure in thoracic cavity (lower than outside)
Air moves into lungs by negative pressure (sucks in)

31
Q

Exhalation

A

Diaphragm and muscle relax
Air flows back out
Negative pressure required for breathing

VMT Block 2 (4 decks)

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