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VMT Block 2 > Gastrointestinal Tract > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Lips

A

Aquire Food

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2
Q

Tongue

A

Acquire food, taste, drink water, propel food to pharynx

Aids in chewing

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3
Q

Teeth

A

Acquire food
grind and tear food
Defense
-breaks down food into smaller parts

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4
Q

Pharynx

A

Directs food and water to esophagus

Back of throat - passageway for food/air in most species

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5
Q

Esophogus

A

Passageway from mouth to stomach

Propels food to stomach

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6
Q

Stomach

A

Mixes and stores food
Starts digestion process
Takes several hours to process

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7
Q

Small intestine

A

Digestion and absorption of food
Can produce some enzymes
Absorption means absorption of nutrients

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8
Q

Large Intestine

A

Absorption of water
Forms and stores feces
Allows for fermentation of non digestible material by bacteria

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9
Q

Anus

A

Sphincter that controls defecation

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10
Q

Pancreas

A

Exocrine portion provides digestive enzymes
- squirts it out into small intestine
Endocrine portion provides insulin
-excreted into blood stream

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11
Q

Liver

A

Many functions including production of bile to digest fat
Also makes proteins, cholesterol, stores extra glucose as glycogen, filters blood of toxins, stores fat, converts ammonia to uria
-breakdown of medications
-makes clotting factors

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12
Q

Gall Bladder

A

Stores bile from liver until it’s ready to be released into small intestines
-released when you eat a fatty meal

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13
Q

Which organs produce digestive enzymes?

A

Salivary Glands
Stomach
Liver
Pancreas

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14
Q

Fore gut fermenter

A

There is a sac of bacteria and protozoa that ferment and digest the cellulose before it enters the stomach, usually called a rumen.

Eg. Cow

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15
Q

Hindgut fermenter

A

The fermentation by bacteria and protozoa occur in the large intestine (cecum and colon)

Eg. Horse and Rabbit

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16
Q

Simple Stomach

A

Very little fermentation of cellulose

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17
Q

Bile

A

Secretion of liver that aids in digestion.

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18
Q

Cecum

A

Blind pouch portion of large intestine for fermentation of food

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19
Q

Colon

A

Part of large intestine extending from cecum to rectum

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20
Q

Anus

A

Distal opening of alimentary tract

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21
Q

Coprophagia

A

Oral ingestion of fecal matter

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22
Q

Duodenum

A

First portion of small intestine
Extending from plyoris of stomach to jejunum
Digestion and absorption of food takes place here

23
Q

Jejunum

A

Middle portion of small intestine

Moves fluid into ileum

24
Q

Ileum

A

The longest portion of the small intestine

Most of the food absorption takes place here

25
Q

Mesentery

A

Peritoneal fold that attaches intestine to dorsal abdominal wall

26
Q

Omentum

A

Fold of peritoneum overlying stomach and other visceral organs

27
Q

Salivary glands

A

Oral cavity glands that secrete saliva

Canines do not produce amylase

28
Q

Pyloris

A

Distal opening of stomach through which stomach contents enter duodenum

29
Q

Regurgitation

A

Backward flow of food

30
Q

Saliva

A

Dissolves/lubricates food to facilitate swallowing

Has digestive enzymes for carbohydrate digestion

31
Q

Sphincter

A

Ringlike muscle that closes natural opening

32
Q

Rectum

A

The final section of the large intestine, ending at the anus

33
Q

Laparotomy

A

Surgical incision of the abdominal cavity

34
Q

Biopsy

A

Examination of tissue removed from a living body to discover the presence, cause or extend of a disease

35
Q

Colonoscopy

A

Endoscopic examination of the large bowel

36
Q

Endoscope

A

A device used to look inside the body

37
Q

Lipase

A

Enzyme that breaks down fat

38
Q

Mouth

A

Receives food and produces saliva

39
Q

Defecation

A

The discharge of feces from the body

40
Q

Feces

A

Waste matter discharged from the bowels after food has been digested

41
Q

What enzymes are in the stomach

A

Protease

Pepsin

42
Q

The difference in acidity between dogs and humans and length of time in stomach

A

PH 1- very acidic - canine - kills bacteria better, some bone digestion
PH 4-5- humans

Food stays in dogs stomachs way longer than humans . It makes them feel full longer
Moves faster though the intestines compared to humans
Most digestion happens in dog stomach unlike humans which mostly happens in intestines

43
Q

Mandibular gland

A

Lower jaw gland

44
Q

Parotid gland

A

Above mandibular

45
Q

Zygomatic gland

A

Underneath the eye

46
Q

Sub lingual gland

A

Under the tongue

47
Q

What digestive enzyme do dogs secrete in their mouths

A

Lysozyme

48
Q

Protease

A

Produced by pancreas to digest proteins into amino acids for a form of energy

49
Q

Lipase

A

Breaks down fat

50
Q

Amylase

A

Breaks down starches

51
Q

Where is the pancreas located

A

Inbetween stomach and small intestine

52
Q

Vomiting

A

Forcible ejection of stomach contents

53
Q

Diarrhea

A

Usually considered as looser stool
Lack of control or more frequent movements
Technically increase in stool weight due to water

54
Q

Regurgitation

A

Passive backflow of food after eating

VMT Block 2 (4 decks)

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