Respiratory System

Question 1

Respiration

Answer 1

Gas exchange between air in alveoli and blood in capillaries

Question 2

Ventilation

Answer 2

Movement of air in and out of lungs

Question 3

Inspiration

Answer 3

Active

Movement of muscles and thorax to bring air into the lungs

Question 4

Expiration

Answer 4

Passive

Movement of air out of lungs

Question 5

Perfusion

Answer 5

Process where oxygenated blood passes though tissue

Question 6

Hypoxia

Answer 6

Inadequate amount of oxygen is available to cells

Question 7

Hypo ventilation

Answer 7

Decreased rate or depth of air movement into lungs

Question 8

Eupnea

Answer 8

Normal breathing 12-20

Question 9

Dyspnea

Answer 9

Difficult or labored breathing

Question 10

Orthopnea

Answer 10

The ability to breath easy through an upright position

Question 11

Apnea

Answer 11

Absence of breathing

Question 12

Tachypnea

Answer 12

Fast respirations
Scared
Fever
Pain

Question 13

Bradypnea

Answer 13

Slow respiration rate

Head traumas

Question 14

Abnormal respiratory rhythms

Answer 14

1. Cheyenne strokes respirations
   
   • alternating periods of deep, rapid breathing, followed by periods of apnea
2. Biots respirations
   
   • varying rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea
3. Kussmauls respirations
   - deep gasping breaths with respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute

Question 15

Assessment of thorax and lungs

Answer 15

Health history 
History of trauma 
# of pillows when sleeping 
History of chest pain (angina) 
History of persistent cough 
History of allergies
Environmental exposure 
Smoking history 
Family history of lung disease 
History of chronic respiratory infection

Question 16

Normal breath sounds

Answer 16

Bronchial sounds 
    -loud, high pitched over trachea 
      And larynx 
    -expiration is longer than   
      inspiration 

Bronchovesicular sounds
-medium pitched sounds over
bronchi
-inspiration = expiration

Vesicular 
       -low pitch soft sounds over 
       peripheral lung
       -inspiration longer than 
        expiration

Question 17

Abnormal breath sounds

Answer 17

Stridor: harsh high pitches sounds on inspiration due to upper airway narrowing

Crackles:soft hight pitched popping sounds heard on inspiration or expiration, coughing clears

wheezes: continuous music notes on inspiration and expiration

Plural friction rub: continuous dry grading sounds

Question 18

Respiratory assessment in older adults

Answer 18

Decreases pulmonary elasticity and ciliary action

Increased respiratory rate

Diminished respiratory depth