Cardiovascular And Peripheral Assements

Question 1

Cardiovascular assessment

Answer 1

Heart
Circulation
Apical pulse
Blood pressure

Question 2

Peripheral vascular assessment

Answer 2

Circulation

Peripheral pulses

Question 3

Cardiovascular physical assessment

Answer 3

Inspect and palpate: neck and precordium

Auscultation: heart sounds: blood circulation in heart
Apical pulse : point of maximal impulse assess rate and rhythm

Question 4

Peripheral vascular assessment

Answer 4

Inspection: skin: color continuity edema

Palpation: pulse sites: rate rhythm amplitude, symmetry
Temperature and edema
Capillary refill

Question 5

Blood pressure

Answer 5

The force of blood against arterial walls

Question 6

Hypertension

Answer 6

Elevated BP
Risk factors: heart disease & stroke

Stage 1: systolic 140-159 diastolic 90-99
Stage 2 : >160 diastolic >100

Question 7

Hypotension

Answer 7

Low BP
Cause: vasodilation, heart failure, loss of blood volume
Systolic <90

Question 8

Orthostatic hypotension

Answer 8

The sudden drop BP w/n 3 min of standing

Question 9

Normal BP

Answer 9

Systolic <80

Question 10

Body factors affecting BP

Answer 10

Cardiac output : SV * HR

Stroke Volume: quantity of blood with each contraction of left ventricle

Blood volume

Peripheral resistance:elasticity of vessel walls ⬆PR = ⬆BP

Viscosity: thickness of blood

Question 11

Factors affecting BP

Answer 11

Age : ⬆ 
Gender: males ⬆ than females 
Exercise : systolic ⬆
Emotions :⬆ 
Weight: ⬆ 
Food intake ⬆ 
Position: ⬆ sitting or standing 
Meds: BC ⬆ 
           Analgesics ⬇

Question 12

Pulse pressure

Answer 12

Difference in systolic and diastolic

Question 13

Pulse

Answer 13

Sound that can be auscultated-Heart Beat

Asses pumping action of heart

Throbbing sensation that can be palpated

Asses peripheral circulation / blood flow

Question 14

Tachycardia

Answer 14

Rapid heart rate

100-180
Causes: ⬇ BV; hyperthermia , ⬇ O2; exercise ; pain

Question 15

Bradycardia

Answer 15

<60

Causes :sleep ; hypothermia ; athlete

Question 16

Normal pulse rates

Answer 16

60-100

Question 17

Factors affecting pulse

Answer 17

Age: ⬇
Gender: Males ⬇ than women 
Exercise: ⬆
Emotions ⬆
Weight ⬆ 
⬇BP: ⬆ pulse 
⬇o2: ⬆ pulse

Question 18

Pulse deficit

Answer 18

Difference in apical and radial pulses