Respiratory System Flashcards
The lower respiratory system consists of:
Larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi.
What is the function of the nasal conchae?
To increase surface area of internal nose, and prevents dehydration.
What is the function of the epiglottis?
It prevents aspiration of food or liquid into the lungs.
The trachea is located ___________ to the epiglottis.
Anterior.
These sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system results in constriction/relaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchioles.
The parasympathetic division has the opposite effect.
Relaxation. The parasympathetic division results in constriction.
When the plural cavities filled with air, it is called _____________.
Air in the plural cavities may cause the lungs to collapse.
Pneumothorax.
What is the function of surfactant?
Lowers the surface tension of the alveolar fluid, preventing collapse with every expiration.
The exchange of respiratory gases occurs by diffusion/osmosis/active transport across the alveolar and capillary walls, which together form the respiratory membrane or air-blood barrier.
Diffusion.
Extending from the alveolar air space to blood plasma, the respiratory membrane consists of how many layers?
Four.
Deoxygenated blood passes through the pulmonary arteries/pulmonary veins and then enters the lung.
Deoxygenated blood passes through the pulmonary arteries.
The upper respiratory system consists of:
Nose, nasopharynx, nasal cavity, oropharynx, laryngopharynx.
Oxygenated blood returns to the heart through pulmonary arteries/pulmonary veins.
Pulmonary veins.
External/internal respiration is the exchange of gases between alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries.
It is also called pulmonary gas exchange.
External respiration, also known as pulmonary gas exchange.
External/internal respiration is the exchange of gases between blood and systemic could pillories and tissue cells.
It is also called systemic gas exchange.
Internal respiration, also called systemic gas exchange.
When the volume of this to rest a cavity increases, the air pressure inside the lungs increases/decreases.
Decreases.
