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A&P Midterm 3 > Disgestive System > Flashcards

Disgestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is secretion?

A

Step two in the digestive process, secretion is releasing water, acid, and enzymes into the lumen of the G.I. tract.

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2
Q

What is propulsion?

A

Propulsion is step three in the digestive process; involves churning and moving food through the G.I. tract, swallowing or peristalsis.

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3
Q

What is digestion?

A

Step four in the digestive process,digestion includes mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.

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4
Q

What is absorption?

A

Step five in the digestive process, absorption church involves transporting digested products from the G.I. tract into the blood and lymph.

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5
Q

What is defecation?

A

The final step in the digestive process, defecation is elimination of feces from the G.I. tract.

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6
Q

What is ingestion?

A

Step one in the digestive process, taking food and liquids into the mouth; eating.

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7
Q

Is churning in the stomach considered mechanical or chemical digestion?

A

Mechanical.

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8
Q

Is chewing considered mechanical or chemical digestion?

A

Mechanical.

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9
Q

Is enzymatic breakdown of food considered to be chemical digestion or mechanical digestion?

A

Chemical digestion.

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10
Q

Which substance and saliva is a protective enzyme which can kill bacteria?

A

Lysosomes.

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11
Q

Which substance and saliva is an enzyme that starts the breakdown of starch in the mouth?

A

Salivary amylase.

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12
Q

The gastric glands contain three types of endocrine/exocrine gland cells.

A

Exocrine.

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13
Q

Mucous cells secrete what?

A

Mucus.

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14
Q

Parietal cells secrete what?

A

Intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid.

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15
Q

Chief cells secrete what?

A

Pepsinogen and gastric lipase.

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16
Q

Intrinsic factor is needed for observed shin of what vitamin used in erythropoiesis?

A

Vitamin B 12.

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17
Q

After undergoing propulsion and retropulsion, gastric contents are mixed with gastric juice, and eventually become a soupy liquid called bolus/chyme.

A

Chyme.

18
Q

The pantry attic juice is slightly acidic/alkaline the buffers Pacific/alkaline gastric juice in chyme, stops the action of pepsin from the stomach, and creates the proper pH for the action of digestive enzymes in the small intestine.

A

Alkaline, acidic.

19
Q

What are the livers functions?

A

Secretion of bile, detoxification, phagocytosis of pathogens, storage of certain vitamins and minerals, carbohydrate lipid and protein metabolism.

20
Q

Duct from the pancreas opens into which part of the small intestine?

A

The duodenum.

21
Q

Which glands are mucus producing glands located in the sub mucosa of the small intestine?

A

Intestinal glands.

22
Q

Nutrients being absorbed in the small intestine enter the blood via capillaries/lacteals.

A

capillaries.

23
Q

Nutrients being absorbed in the small intestines into the lymph via capillaries/lacteals.

A

Lacteals.

24
Q

Proteins/lipids were absorbed into the lacteals of the lymphatic system within the villi.

A

Lipids.

25
Q

The small intestine secretes intestinal juice and several digestive enzymes, called what?

A

Brush border enzymes.

26
Q

The haustra is part of the large intestine/small intestine.

A

Large intestine.

27
Q

The large intestine extends from the ileum to the anus. The opening from the alien into the large intestine is guarded by the ___________ sphincter.

A

iliocostal sphincter.

28
Q

The large intestine has four major regions. What are they?

A

Cecum, colon,rectum, and anal canal.

29
Q

Most ingestion and absorption occurs in the what?

A

In the small intestine.

30
Q

The digestion of starch mainly occurs in the ________ when salivary amylase is ducted in by the salivary glands.

A

Mouth.

31
Q

What is the common passageway for air and food?

A

The pharynx.

32
Q

Which organ produces bile?

A

The liver.

33
Q

Which organ stores and concentrates bile?

A

The gallbladder.

34
Q

Which organ has the glands that produce HCl acid and pepcinogen, and has the lowest pH?

A

The stomach.

35
Q

What is the tube that conducts food to the stomach?

A

The esophagus.

36
Q

Where does the digestion of proteins by pepsin begin?

A

In the stomach.

37
Q

Which organ receives pancreatic juice and bile?

A

The small intestine.

38
Q

This organ sends a variety of enzymes in an alkaline fluid into the small intestine.

A

The pancreas.

39
Q

What has the glands that produce liquid containing amylase which starts the digestion of carbohydrates?

A

The mouth.

40
Q

Which organ secretes digestive juices, which can they just carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids?

A

Pancreas.

41
Q

Which intestine is primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation?

A

The large intestine.

A&P Midterm 3 (4 decks)

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