Disgestive System Flashcards
What is secretion?
Step two in the digestive process, secretion is releasing water, acid, and enzymes into the lumen of the G.I. tract.
What is propulsion?
Propulsion is step three in the digestive process; involves churning and moving food through the G.I. tract, swallowing or peristalsis.
What is digestion?
Step four in the digestive process,digestion includes mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.
What is absorption?
Step five in the digestive process, absorption church involves transporting digested products from the G.I. tract into the blood and lymph.
What is defecation?
The final step in the digestive process, defecation is elimination of feces from the G.I. tract.
What is ingestion?
Step one in the digestive process, taking food and liquids into the mouth; eating.
Is churning in the stomach considered mechanical or chemical digestion?
Mechanical.
Is chewing considered mechanical or chemical digestion?
Mechanical.
Is enzymatic breakdown of food considered to be chemical digestion or mechanical digestion?
Chemical digestion.
Which substance and saliva is a protective enzyme which can kill bacteria?
Lysosomes.
Which substance and saliva is an enzyme that starts the breakdown of starch in the mouth?
Salivary amylase.
The gastric glands contain three types of endocrine/exocrine gland cells.
Exocrine.
Mucous cells secrete what?
Mucus.
Parietal cells secrete what?
Intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid.
Chief cells secrete what?
Pepsinogen and gastric lipase.
Intrinsic factor is needed for observed shin of what vitamin used in erythropoiesis?
Vitamin B 12.
After undergoing propulsion and retropulsion, gastric contents are mixed with gastric juice, and eventually become a soupy liquid called bolus/chyme.
Chyme.
The pantry attic juice is slightly acidic/alkaline the buffers Pacific/alkaline gastric juice in chyme, stops the action of pepsin from the stomach, and creates the proper pH for the action of digestive enzymes in the small intestine.
Alkaline, acidic.
What are the livers functions?
Secretion of bile, detoxification, phagocytosis of pathogens, storage of certain vitamins and minerals, carbohydrate lipid and protein metabolism.
Duct from the pancreas opens into which part of the small intestine?
The duodenum.
Which glands are mucus producing glands located in the sub mucosa of the small intestine?
Intestinal glands.
Nutrients being absorbed in the small intestine enter the blood via capillaries/lacteals.
capillaries.
Nutrients being absorbed in the small intestines into the lymph via capillaries/lacteals.
Lacteals.
Proteins/lipids were absorbed into the lacteals of the lymphatic system within the villi.
Lipids.
The small intestine secretes intestinal juice and several digestive enzymes, called what?
Brush border enzymes.
The haustra is part of the large intestine/small intestine.
Large intestine.
The large intestine extends from the ileum to the anus. The opening from the alien into the large intestine is guarded by the ___________ sphincter.
iliocostal sphincter.
The large intestine has four major regions. What are they?
Cecum, colon,rectum, and anal canal.
Most ingestion and absorption occurs in the what?
In the small intestine.
The digestion of starch mainly occurs in the ________ when salivary amylase is ducted in by the salivary glands.
Mouth.
What is the common passageway for air and food?
The pharynx.
Which organ produces bile?
The liver.
Which organ stores and concentrates bile?
The gallbladder.
Which organ has the glands that produce HCl acid and pepcinogen, and has the lowest pH?
The stomach.
What is the tube that conducts food to the stomach?
The esophagus.
Where does the digestion of proteins by pepsin begin?
In the stomach.
Which organ receives pancreatic juice and bile?
The small intestine.
This organ sends a variety of enzymes in an alkaline fluid into the small intestine.
The pancreas.
What has the glands that produce liquid containing amylase which starts the digestion of carbohydrates?
The mouth.
Which organ secretes digestive juices, which can they just carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids?
Pancreas.
Which intestine is primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation?
The large intestine.
