RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Flashcards
Set of organs that allows a person to breathe and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body.
Respiratory System
intake and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body
Respiratory System
a process that includes respiratory cycles of INSPIRATION and
EXPIRATION, air moves in and out of the respiratory tract.
Ventilation
a process where air and blood exchange oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the lungs
Gas exchange
What are the parts of the respiratory system?
nasal passages, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs.
What are the functions of respiratory system?
- Supplies the body with oxygen and disposes of carbon dioxide
- Filters
- Produces sound
- Contains receptors for smell
- Rids the body of some excess water and heat
- Helps regulate blood pH
what is the medical term for breathing?
Pulmonary ventilation
What are the 2 cyclic phases of breathing?
Inhalation and exhalation
It is also called inspiration; draw gases into the lungs
Inhilation
It is also called expiration; forces gases out of the lungs
Exhalation
the term often reserved for the external cartilage and bone forming the anterior wall of the nasal cavity,
Nose
external/ openings of the nose are called?
nares
its function is to warm air
paranasal sinuses
what is the function of cilia?
filtering out foreign bodies
wall dividing the nasal cavity into the right and left portion
nasal septum
external openings at the inferior aspect of the noses
External nares (nostrils)
openings from the posterior nasal cavity to the pharynx
internal nares
floor of the nasal cavity
hard palate
TUBE that conducts tears from the conjunctiva over the eyes and empties into the nasal cavity.
Nasolacrimal duct
Commonly called as THROAT
Pharynx
pathway for both air and food
Pharynx
3 sections of the pharynx
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
posterior to the nasal cavity. Contains the PHARYNGEAL TONSILS
tonsils (adenoid) which aid in the body’s immune defense.
Nasopharynx
the middle portion of the pharynx, posterior to the oral cavity; contains the PALATINE TONSILS which aid in the body’s immune defense.
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
the most inferior portion of the pharynx, posterior
to the larynx, where the RESPIRATORY TRACT DIVIDES into the esophagus
and the larynx.
Also called as the voice box
Larynx
It prevents swallowed materials from entering the lower respiratory tract.
Larynx
How many pieces of cartilage that fit together to form the wall of the larynx
9 pieces
Also called as WINDPIPE, conducts air between the larynx above the
bronchi below.
Trachea
The trachea has _______ embedded in its anterior and lateral walls for support.
C-shaped cartilage rings
TRUE OR FALSE:
The left lung is smaller than the right lung
TRUE
accommodates the heart
cardiac notch
It is located more superiorly in the body due to liver on right side
Right lung
The outer surface of each lung and the adjacent internal thoracic wall are lined by a serous membrane called ____________.
Pleura
These are the spaces between the serous membrane layers
Pleural cavities
Air enters your lungs through a system of pipes called the _________.
bronchi
The _________ are where the important work of gas exchange takes place
between the air and your blood.
alveoli
little blood vessel
capillaries
At the bottom of the cavity is a large, flat muscle known as
the __________.
diaphragm
During inhalation, the diaphragm _______ and the rib cage
rises _______.
contracts; rises up
____________ fills the lungs as air rushes into the
breathing passages.
Atmospheric pressure
When the rib cage lowers and the diaphragm
relaxes, pressure in the chest cavity is ________ than atmospheric pressure.
greater
an instrument that measures the volume of air moved during the different phase of the respiratory cycle.
spirometer
the volume of air moved into or out of the respiratory tract during NORMAL breathing.
Tidal volume (TV)
a supplementary volume, approximately ranging between 2500 to 3100 ml of air which could be effectively inhaled after the inspiration of a STANDARD tidal volume.
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
the volume of air that can be expired
FORCEFULLY after a NORMAL expiration.
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
the volume of air that can be expired after a forceful inspiration.
Vital capacity (VC)
It is about the total volume of air around
1100 ml to 1200 ml RESIDING in the lungs
Residual volume
What is the lung capacity of a healthy man?
6000 mL
It is the total volume of air that can be expired after a maximum inhalation or maximum air that a person can breathe in after
expiration.
Vital capacity
