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Biology 20: Resp System > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

A

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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2
Q

True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in breathing.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the term for the process of taking air into the lungs?

A

Inhalation

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ are the main organs of the respiratory system.

A

Lungs

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5
Q

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

A

Epiglottis

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6
Q

What is the role of alveoli in the respiratory system?

A

To facilitate gas exchange between air and blood.

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7
Q

True or False: The trachea is commonly known as the windpipe.

A

True

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8
Q

What is the term for the movement of air out of the lungs?

A

Exhalation

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9
Q

Which part of the brain regulates the rate of breathing?

A

Medulla oblongata

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10
Q

What is the primary gas exchanged in the respiratory system?

A

Oxygen

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11
Q

True or False: The right lung has three lobes.

A

True

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12
Q

What is the function of the nasal cavity?

A

To filter, warm, and moisten the air.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a small tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi.

A

Trachea

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14
Q

What are the tiny hair-like structures that help move mucus out of the respiratory tract?

A

Cilia

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15
Q

True or False: Oxygen is transported in the blood primarily by hemoglobin.

A

True

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16
Q

What is the term for the volume of air inhaled or exhaled in a single breath?

A

Tidal volume

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17
Q

What is the purpose of the pleura?

A

To reduce friction between the lungs and chest wall.

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the voice box located in the throat.

A

Larynx

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19
Q

What is the name of the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged at the alveoli?

A

Diffusion

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20
Q

True or False: The left lung is smaller than the right lung.

A

True

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21
Q

What is the effect of carbon dioxide on blood pH?

A

It lowers blood pH, making it more acidic.

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22
Q

What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?

A

To reduce surface tension in the alveoli.

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ are the branching tubes that lead from the trachea to the lungs.

A

Bronchi

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24
Q

What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?

A

Vital capacity

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25
Q

True or False: Asthma is a condition that affects the airways.

A

True

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26
Q

What is the main purpose of the respiratory mucosa?

A

To trap pathogens and particles.

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27
Q

What type of epithelium lines the respiratory tract?

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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28
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the area where gas exchange occurs in the lungs.

A

Alveolus

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29
Q

What is the primary cause of emphysema?

A

Long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke.

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30
Q

What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

A

It contracts and moves downward.

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31
Q

True or False: The respiratory system is only responsible for gas exchange.

A

False

32
Q

What is the term for the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation?

A

Residual volume

33
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a muscular partition separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

A

Diaphragm

34
Q

What are the two main functions of the respiratory system?

A

Gas exchange and regulation of blood pH.

35
Q

True or False: The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity.

A

True

36
Q

What is the primary function of the bronchi?

A

To conduct air to and from the lungs.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ are small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

A

Alveoli

38
Q

What is the role of the intercostal muscles during breathing?

A

To assist in expanding and contracting the chest cavity.

39
Q

What is the term for the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal inhalation?

A

Inspiratory reserve volume

40
Q

True or False: The respiratory system also plays a role in speech.

A

True

41
Q

What is the function of the nasal conchae?

A

To increase the surface area for filtering and humidifying air.

42
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the flap that covers the trachea during swallowing.

A

Epiglottis

43
Q

What are the two main parts of the respiratory system?

A

Upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract.

44
Q

True or False: The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries.

A

True

45
Q

What is the primary role of the vocal cords?

A

To produce sound.

46
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the scientific term for the windpipe.

A

Trachea

47
Q

What is the primary purpose of breathing?

A

To supply oxygen to the body and remove carbon dioxide.

48
Q

True or False: The respiratory system is involved in the olfactory sense.

A

True

49
Q

What is the term for the exchange of gases in the tissues?

A

Internal respiration

50
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

A

Pulmonary vein

51
Q

What is the effect of high altitude on the respiratory system?

A

It decreases the availability of oxygen.

52
Q

True or False: The left lung has two lobes.

A

True

53
Q

What is the term for the rhythmic contraction of the diaphragm?

A

Breathing

54
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the term for the total amount of air a person can breathe in and out.

A

Lung capacity

55
Q

What is the primary gas that drives the breathing process?

A

Carbon dioxide

56
Q

True or False: Smoking can lead to lung disease.

A

True

57
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system in relation to temperature?

A

To help regulate body temperature through the evaporation of water in the lungs.

58
Q

Fill in the blank: Chronic __________ is a common respiratory disease characterized by obstructed airflow.

A

Bronchitis

59
Q

What is the purpose of the respiratory system’s mucous membranes?

A

To trap dust, pathogens, and other particles.

60
Q

True or False: The respiratory system is entirely separate from the circulatory system.

A

False

61
Q

What is the term for the volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal exhalation?

A

Expiratory reserve volume

62
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the primary muscle used in breathing.

A

Diaphragm

63
Q

What is the name of the condition characterized by difficulty in breathing due to narrowed airways?

A

Asthma

64
Q

True or False: The respiratory system has no role in the immune response.

A

False

65
Q

What is the function of the respiratory epithelium?

A

To provide a barrier and secrete mucus.

66
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ are the small blood vessels where gas exchange occurs.

A

Capillaries

67
Q

What is the term for the exchange of gases between the lungs and the environment?

A

External respiration

68
Q

True or False: The respiratory system is not involved in the regulation of blood pH.

A

False

69
Q

What is the primary function of the bronchioles?

A

To lead air to the alveoli.

70
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the protective covering of the lungs.

A

Pleura

71
Q

What is the main cause of respiratory infections?

A

Pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.

72
Q

True or False: The respiratory system includes the pharynx.

A

True

73
Q

What is the term for the volume of air that remains in the lungs after exhalation?

A

Functional residual capacity

74
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the respiratory system that connects the nasal cavity to the larynx.

A

Pharynx

75
Q

What is the primary purpose of the diaphragm during exhalation?

A

To relax and move upward.

Biology 20: Resp System (4 decks)

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