Circulatory System Flashcards
Pulmonary Arteries
Pulmonary Veins
Aorta
Valves
Arteries
Veins
Systolic Pressure
Diastolic Pressure
Pulmonary Pathway
Systemic Pathway
Coronary Pathway
Key Questions
What are the three functions of the circulatory system?
What are the three main structures of the circulatory system?
What are the four main chambers of the heart?
What muscular wall separates the ventricles?
Which side of the heart circulates oxygen poor blood?
Which side of the heart circulates oxygen rich blood?
What are the four one-way valves inside the heart?
What are the three main pathways of circulation?
What are the three main types of blood vessels?
Which node trogers a heartbeat?
What causes a heart murmur?
What does an Fog do?
How do we ca culate cardiac outout?
What is a sphygmomanometer?
What happens if a blood vessel is blocked/ruptures?
What does the
circulatory
system do?
Functions of the
Circulatory
System
1) Transports gases
nutrients
and wastes
throughout your body
2) Regulates internal
temperature and
carries hormones
3)
Protects against
distases and blood
What type of muscle tissue is the heart made up of?
The heart is made up of cardiac muscle, which is found nowhere else in the body.
How many chambers does the heart have?
The heart has 4 chambers: two atria on the top and two ventricles on the bottom.
What do the atria do?
The atria are filled with incoming blood.
What do the ventricles do?
The ventricles receive blood from the atria and pump it out of the heart.
What separates the atria and ventricles?
The atria and ventricles are separated by a thick muscular wall called the septum.
What is the condition of blood in the right side of the heart?
The right side of the heart contains oxygen-poor blood.
What are the main structures of the circulatory system?
1) Heart - pumps blood throughout the body
2) Blood vessels - ‘roadways’ for the blood to travel
3) Blood - carries the essential products required for a healthy body
What are the functions of the heart?
• Pumping blood through the body
• Keeping oxygen-rich blood separate from oxygen-poor blood
• Ensuring that blood only flows in one direction through the body
Where is the heart located?
The heart is located slightly to the left of the middle of the chest.
What does the right side of the heart do?
Receives oxygen-poor blood coming back from the body and sends it to the lungs.
What are the two large vessels that open into the right atrium?
The vena cavae.
What is the function of the superior vena cava?
Returns oxygen-poor blood from the chest and above.
What is the function of the inferior vena cava?
Returns oxygen-poor blood from below the chest.
How does blood flow through the right side of the heart?
Blood flows from the right atrium into the right ventricle.
What flows from the right atrium?
Blood flows from the right atrium into the right ventricle.
Where does blood go from the right ventricle?
Blood flows from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk.
What happens to blood after it enters the pulmonary trunk?
It flows out through the right and left pulmonary arteries to the lungs.
What is the function of the left side of the heart?
The left side of the heart does the opposite of the right side.
Where does oxygen-rich blood come from?
Oxygen-rich blood flows from the lungs through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.
What happens to blood in the left atrium?
From the left atrium, blood is pumped into the left ventricle.
How does blood leave the heart?
From the left ventricle, the blood leaves the heart through a large vessel called the aorta to the rest of the body.
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Valves
• There are 4 one-way valves inside
the heart to prevent backflow
• The atria and ventricles are separated
by valves called the atrioventricular
valves (AV valves)
Valves
• The right AV Valve is
called the tricuspid
valve because it is
made up of 3 flaps
• The left AV Valve is
the called the
bicuspid valve
because it has 2 flaps
(bicuspid also called Mitral valve)
tricuspid
bicuspid
Valves
The other two valves are called semilunar valves
because of their half-moon shape
opening for
pulmonary
cross-section
coronary artery
semilunar valve
aortic semilunar
Figure 8.3 This cross-
section of a mammalian
heart shows the structure
of the four valves. The
bicusoid valve is also called
the mitral valve because it
is shaped like a mitre.-the
Coremonial neardress worn
by high officials of the
- tricuspid atrioventricular
bicuspid or mitral)
atrioventricular valve
fibrous skeleton
Valves
• The right semilunar valve is
called the pulmonary valve
• The left semilunar valve is
called the aortic valve
Roth semilner vaivas
