Respiratory System Flashcards
List the functions of the Respiratory Sytem?
- supply oxygen to the body
- get rid of CO2 from the body
The process of has exchange, supplying oxygen to, remove CO2 from, tissues of the body
Respiration
The process of moving air in and out of lungs
Ventilation
What is the thoracic cage made up?
sternum, ribs, costal cartilages, and thoracic vertebrae
What does the thoracic cage contain?
chest cavity, heart, lungs, thymus gland, trachea, esophagus, lymph nodes, nerves
Gliding of the costovertebral and chondrosternal joints
Elevation and Depression
Thoracic cage moves upward and outward increasing the medial-lateral diameter
Inhalation
Thoracic cage moves downward and inward decreasing the medial-lateral diameter
Exhalation
T/F: During ventilation, the air flows from higher pressure to lower pressure until pressure is equalized
True
Lungs do communicate with the _____ enviroment
outside
During inhalation…
the diaphragm moves downward as it contracts; this causes increased intrathoracic volume and decreasing intrathoracic pressure
During inhalation, air move ___ lungs
in
During exhalation…
the diaphragm expands; causing the intrathoracic to increase volume and increase intrathoracic pressure
The contraction of diaphragm and external intercostals
quiet inhalation
The relation of diaphragm and external intercostals
quiet exhalation
More forceful muscle contractions
Deep inhalation: more forceful muscle contractions that allows for more air in the lungs. It’s also used for more workload
Even more oxygen required due to work or activity
Forced inhalation
Coughing, compressed abdominal cavity, internal intercostals pull ribs downward, and abdominal muscles compress abdominal cavity
Forced exhalation
Inhalation
Contraction of diaphragm and external intercostals
Exhalation
Relaxation of diaphragm and contraction of internal intercostals
What muscles are used to support breathing?
Sternocleidomastoid is used to elevate thoracic cage; head and neck extensors help stabilize
More movement in the abdomen moving out with inhalation and in with exhalation is an example of what kind of breathing ?
Diaphragmatic breathing
When there is more movement in the thoracic cage moving upwards with inhalation and down with exhalation, this is an example of?
Chest breathing
Inflammation of pleura
pleurisy
collapsed lung caused by air or fluid in plural cavity
pneumothorax
The loss of ability to expand lungs during fractures of three or more ribs on top of all injuries
flail chest
bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchi and their subdivisions
emphysema
distension and destruction of alveolar walls, loss of lung tissue elasticity
Spasm of bronchial walls restricting air flow
asthma
rapid breathing removes more CO2 thats made by metabolism
hyperpentalation
Cramping of the diaphragm from exertion
stitch
involuntary spasm of diaphragm accompanied by rapid closure of glottis
hiccups
Limits mobility of thoracic cage
joint degeneration
lung capacity on side of concavity reduced
scoliosis
