Nervous System Flashcards
Motor Neurons
Efferent
Sensory Neurons
Afferent
Interneurons
neuron between neuron
What three locations are upper motor neurons located?
- Cerebral Cortex
- Brainstem
- Cerebellum
Where are Lower motor neurons located?
The anterior horn of the spinal cord
What is the function of Axons in sensory neurons?
To send signals away from the cell body
The portion that covers the axon?
Myelin
____ conducts efferent impulses from spinal cord
Motor endplates
In sensory neurons, ___ are branches that receive impulses.
Dendrites
The small gap between an axon, dendrite, interneuron, and other structures.
Synapse
The chemical tat is released at a synapse that activates or inhibits that structure on the other side of the synapse
Neurotransmitter
Unmyelinated cell bodies and bodies
grey matter
myelinated cell bodies and nerve dibers
white matter
The type of protection in the CNS?
Meninges – 1. Dura mater
2. arachnoid
3. pia matter
What are the 3 main parts of the brain?
- cerebrum
- brainstem
- cerebellum
What connects the right and left hemisphere of the brain?
corpus callosum
Frontal lobe functions?
movement, speech, personality
Parietal lobe functions?
sensory
occipital function?
vison
temporal lobe function?
behavior, hearing, language
This area deep in the brain is responsible for relaying sensations and pain perception
Thalamus
The hypothalamus controls … ?
Hormones and behavior
The basal ganglia is responsible for?
coordinating movements
Name the three parts in the brainstem
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla oblongata
It is also responsible for connecting the brain to the spinal cord
Visual reflexes is found?
Midbrain
The pons functions
transverse nerve fibers connecting nuclei to cerebellum
The medulla oblongata
regulates breathing, blood pressure, heart rate
The spinal cord begins and ends at?
Starts at Medulla and ENDS at L2. It then becomes the conus medullaris
Upper plexus:
nerves that control the upper limbs, like arms
Lower plexus:
Lower extremities, like the legs.
Deramatomes:
Areas of skin where there are sensory fibers that cordinate with the plexus and peripheral nerve
All muscles innervated from a specific spinal cord level or specific peripheral nerve
Myotome
How does congential defects effect the Centeral Nervous System?
It can create spina bifida and cerebral palsy
This pathology affects spinal cord by causing an individual to become paraplegic or tetraplegic.
Spinal Cord Injury (complete or incomplete)
