Respiratory System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.
Where are the lungs located in the human body?
The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity, protected by the rib cage.
What is the structure of the lungs?
The lungs are divided into lobes: the right lung has three lobes, and the left lung has two lobes.
What are alveoli?
Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs between the air and blood.
What is the diaphragm?
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that contracts and relaxes to aid in breathing.
What is the role of the bronchi in the respiratory system?
The bronchi are the main airways that carry air into the lungs, branching into smaller tubes called bronchioles.
What is the function of cilia in the respiratory system?
Cilia are tiny hair-like structures that line the respiratory tract and help to sweep mucus and debris out of the airways.
True or False: Oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body’s tissues by red blood cells.
True
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for regulating breathing by monitoring the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood.
Medulla oblongata
What is the term for the volume of air that moves in and out of the lungs during normal breathing?
Tidal volume
Which gas is exchanged in the alveoli during respiration?
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?
Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing them from collapsing during exhalation.
What is the process of gas exchange between the lungs and blood called?
External respiration
What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?
Vital capacity
What is the main muscle involved in the process of breathing?
Diaphragm
